@article {58207, title = {The spiny devil katydids, Panacanthus Walker (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae): an evolutionary study of acoustic behaviour and morphological traits}, journal = {Systematic Entomology}, volume = {29}, year = {2004}, month = {Jan-01-2004}, pages = {21 - 57}, abstract = {

A cladistic analysis and systematic revision of the genus Panacanthus accompanies the description of three new species, with calling songs reported for four species. The evolutionary origin of spines is considered as a defensive mechanism in Panacanthus; both morphological and behavioural (i.e. acoustic) traits allow inferences about relationships. Phylogenetic analysis produced one most parsimonious cladogram eighty-two steps long, with the ensemble consistency index\ =\ 0.84. Panacanthus cuspidatus and P. pallicornis (formerly Storniza Walker 1869, Martinezia Bolivar 1881) are properly incorporated in Panacanthus. On morphology, Panacanthus is more related to the Neotropical Copiphora and Lirometopum than to the Old World Lesina. Character analysis reveals that in Panacanthus the ancestral condition of calling song resonance (the production of musical sounds) has given rise to a more nonresonant (transient) stridulation. A correlation between the production of more complex sound waves and spinous protection of the body (especially the pronotum) is noted. Because early workers grouped Panacanthus with other spiny genera, based on pronotal morphology, we present a critique of the evolutionary and ecological implications of the development of defensive spines in this genus. This approach may be applied to other taxa using a similar protective mechanism. We advise against arrangement of the pronotal, cephalic and femoral armature as a homologous characteristic across subfamilies. Several pronotal processes and modifications evolved independently in other genera of Conocephalinae, Hetrodinae, Pseudophyllinae and Phaneropterinae. The pronotal structure of Panacanthus is unique and may be taken as a synapomorphic characteristic of all its species and as an autapomorphic feature of the genus.

}, doi = {10.1111/sen.2004.29.issue-110.1111/j.1365-3113.2004.00223.x}, url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/sen.2004.29.issue-1}, author = {Montealegre-Z., Fernando and Morris, Glenn K.} } @article {57347, title = {Phylogenetic relationships and phylogeography of the genus Sinocyrtaspis Liu, 2000 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Meconematinae) reveal speciation processes related to climate change}, journal = {Systematic Entomology}, year = {2019}, month = {Aug-08-2020}, abstract = {

Species of Sinocyrtaspis Liu inhabit moist montane environments in south China, and occur allopatrically in restricted regions without overlapping areas. This study presents the first phylogeny of Sinocyrtaspis based on one nuclear DNA sequence [partial ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 (ITS)] as well as two mitochondrial genes [cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and cytochrome b (CYTB)] using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood. In addition, reconstructing the ancestral geographical range on the basis of the combined genes and distribution information, MaxEnt modelling was used to predict potential distribution areas in the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), the mid-Holocene, the present-day and in the year 2070, in order to understand speciation processes and responses to climate change in this genus. The phylogenetic analyses supported the monophyly of Sinocyrtaspis. The results of species delimitation confirmed seven Sinocyrtaspis species and that the speciation events mainly occurred in the late Miocene to early Pliocene when the climate became colder and drier. The conclusions of the phylogeographical analysis are as follows: (i) the centres of origin of Sinocyrtaspis were Hunan and north-east Guangxi; (ii) two dispersal routes became obvious with the final destinations of Jiangxi and Zhejiang, respectively; (iii) after the Miocene cooling period, the ancestor species partly remained in Guizhou and partly spread; (iv) as a response to climate change, species altered distribution areas by moving along altitude gradients in mountain regions, whereas the anthropogenic global warming trend has promoted some species moving to high-latitude areas or caused population differentiation.

}, issn = {0307-6970}, doi = {10.1111/syen.12384}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/syen.12384https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/syen.12384https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/syen.12384https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/syen.12384}, author = {Wang, Tao and Zhu, Qidi and Heller, Klaus-Gerhard and Zhou, Zhijun and Shi, Fuming} } @article {47339, title = {The Phlesirtes complex (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Conocephalinae, Conocephalini) reviewed: integrating morphological, molecular, chromosomal and bioacoustic data}, journal = {Systematic Entomology}, volume = {35}, year = {2010}, month = {Jan-07-2010}, pages = {554 - 580}, abstract = {

The tettigoniid genus Phlesirtes Bolivar and its allies are reviewed. Morphological, ecological and molecular data prompt the erection of the new genus Chortoscirtesgen.n. with type species Xiphidion meruense Sj\östedt. The genera Phlesirtes, Chortoscirtes, Karniella and Naskreckiella are characterized by morphological characters supported by molecular, acoustic, ecological and chromosomal data. Four species, Chortoscirtes pseudomeruensissp.n., C. masaicussp.n., C. puguensissp.n. and C. serengetisp.n., are described from localities in northern and coastal Tanzania and one Karniella, K. crassicercasp.n., is described from Uganda. The following comb n. are proposed: Phlesirtes kibonotensis (Sj\östedt) and Phlesirtes kilimandjaricus (Sj\östedt). Subtribal status is proposed for the four investigated African genera. A key to the Chortoscirtes species is provided.

}, doi = {10.1111/j.1365-3113.2009.00512.x}, url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2009.00512.xhttps://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111\%2Fj.1365-3113.2009.00512.x}, author = {Claudia Hemp and Klaus-Gerhard Heller and KEHL, SIEGFRIED and Warcha{\l}owska-{\'S}liwa, El{\.z}bieta and Johann Wolfgang W{\"a}gele and Hemp, Andreas} } @article {47336, title = {A new genus of African Karniellina (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Conocephalinae, Conocephalini): integrating morphological, molecular and bioacoustical data}, journal = {Systematic Entomology}, volume = {35}, year = {2010}, month = {Jan-07-2010}, pages = {581 - 595}, abstract = {

Melanoscirtes gen.n. is established within Karniellina. The members of this subtribe are small conocephaline bush crickets, confined to Africa. Melanoscirtes is erected on Phlesirtes kibonotensis, a species restricted to forest clearings and forest edge in the submontane and montane zones of Mt. Kilimanjaro. A subspecies, M. kibonotensis uguenoensis, is described from the North Pare mountains, a mountain range of the Eastern Arc adjacent to Mt. Kilimanjaro. Further species of Melanoscirtes occur on other mountain ranges of the northern branch of the Eastern Arc mountains of northern Tanzania and southern Kenya. The South Pare mountains harbour M. shengenae; the West Usambaras, M. usambarensis, and the Taita Hills, M. taitensis. All species and subspecies of Melanoscirtes exhibit a similar morphology and occupy analogous habitats on the respective mountains. The song patterns for all species found within this genus are very similar, and this, together with evidence from molecular data, suggests that allopatric speciation is the reason for the biogeographic pattern found in this genus. A key for the subspecies and species of Melanoscirtes is provided.

}, doi = {10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00528.x}, url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00528.xhttps://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111\%2Fj.1365-3113.2010.00528.x}, author = {Claudia Hemp and KEHL, SIEGFRIED and Klaus-Gerhard Heller and Johann Wolfgang W{\"a}gele and Hemp, Andreas} } @article {11153, title = {A putative hybrid in nature between Chorthippus brunneus and C. biguttulus (Orthoptera : Acrididae)}, journal = {Systematic Entomology}, volume = {1}, year = {1976}, pages = {71-74}, chapter = {71}, abstract = {

The characteristics of the song and morphology of a probable natural hybrid between the two grass- hoppers Chorthippus brunneus (Thunberg) and C. bigurruius (L.) are described and compared with those of the parent species. The status of C. eisentrauti (Ramme) is briefly discussed.

}, doi = {10.1111/j.1365-3113.1976.tb00033.x}, author = {D. R. Ragge} }