@article {58231,
	title = {Sound production during competitive feeding in the grey gurnard},
	year = {2004},
	abstract = {<p>The acoustic repertoire of captive grey gurnard Eutrigla gurnardus during competitive feeding consisted of three types of sound: knocks, grunts and growls. Knocks were audible as a single sound, whereas grunts and growls were perceived as longer, pulsed sounds to the human ear. Typically, knocks were composed of 1\&ndash;2 pulses, grunts of 4\&ndash;8 pulses and growls \&gt;10 pulses. Growls were longer and had shorter pulse periods than grunts. All sound types had peak frequencies of c. 500\&emsp;Hz. The sequences of behaviours observed during feeding interactions suggest that grey gurnard obtain food both by scramble and contest tactics. Competing fish emitted knocks mainly while grasping a food item and also during other non-agonistic behaviour, suggesting that knock production may reflect a state of feeding arousal but could also serve as a warning of the forager\&$\#$39;s presence to nearby competitors. Grunts were mainly emitted during frontal displays, which were the most frequent behavioural act preceding grasps, suggesting that they may play a role in deterring other fish from gaining access to disputed food items.</p>
},
	keywords = {agonistic behaviour; bioacoustics; calling; scramble and contest competition; teleosts},
	doi = {10.1111/jfb.2004.65.issue-110.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00443.x},
	url = {http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/toc/jfb/65/1},
	author = {Amorim, M. C. P. and Stratoudakis, Y. and Hawkins, A. D.}
}
