01914nas a2200193 4500008004100000245005800041210005800099260001600157490000600173520137300179100002001552700001501572700001701587700001701604700001601621700002001637700001801657856004501675 2017 eng d00aBody size and vocalization in primates and carnivores0 aBody size and vocalization in primates and carnivores cJan-12-20170 v73 a

A fundamental assumption in bioacoustics is that large animals tend to produce vocalizations with lower frequencies than small animals. This inverse relationship between body size and vocalization frequencies is widely considered to be foundational in animal communication, with prominent theories arguing that it played a critical role in the evolution of vocal communication, in both production and perception. A major shortcoming of these theories is that they lack a solid empirical foundation: rigorous comparisons between body size and vocalization frequencies remain scarce, particularly among mammals. We address this issue here in a study of body size and vocalization frequencies conducted across 91 mammalian species, covering most of the size range in the orders Primates (n = 50; ~0.11–120 Kg) and Carnivora (n = 41; ~0.14–250 Kg). We employed a novel procedure designed to capture spectral variability and standardize frequency measurement of vocalization data across species. The results unequivocally demonstrate strong inverse relationships between body size and vocalization frequencies in primates and carnivores, filling a long-standing gap in mammalian bioacoustics and providing an empirical foundation for theories on the adaptive function of call frequency in animal communication.

1 aBowling, D., L.1 aGarcia, M.1 aDunn, J., C.1 aRuprecht, R.1 aStewart, A.1 aFrommolt, K.-H.1 aFitch, W., T. uhttp://www.nature.com/articles/srep4107001759nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245018500055210006900240260001600309300001400325490000700339520095800346653001401304653001601318653001701334653001601351653001501367653002101382100001601403700001501419700001801434856006501452 2010 eng d a1125-000300aSound production of two endemic Oedipodinae grasshoppers from the Iberian Peninsula: Jacobsiella imitans and Leptopternis candidus lusitanicus (Orthoptera: Acrididae)0 aSound production of two endemic Oedipodinae grasshoppers from th cSep-12-2010 a443 - 4520 v773 a

In this study, which was conducted with captive specimens kept in wooden cages and separated by sex, the sounds produced by Jacobsiella imitans (Brunner, 1882) and Leptopternis candidus lusitanicus (Ebner, 1941) (Orthoptera, Acrididae) are described. Sounds were recorded with a digital audio tape recorder; the signal was digitized and then analysed with the Avisoft® software. Two types of sound, both produced by stridulation, were recorded in these species: an interaction song, produced when specimens are disturbed by others, and a courtship song, emitted by males when mounting another individual in trying to copulate. In both species, females are mute. Data concerning the time and frequency domains of these sounds are presented. The behaviour observed by both species in nature and that displayed when interacting with other individuals and during courtship are described. The role of song as an isolation mechanism is discussed.

10abehaviour10aJacobsiella10aLeptopternis10aOedipodinae10aOrthoptera10asound production1 aLarrosa, E.1 aGarcia, M.1 aPresa, J., J. uhttp://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/11250000903457830