01884nas a2200169 4500008004100000022001400041245012300055210006900178260001600247300001600263490000800279520131300287100002801600700001901628700001601647856005101663 2018 eng d a0001-496600aAutomatic acoustic estimation of sperm whale size distributions achieved through machine recognition of on-axis clicks0 aAutomatic acoustic estimation of sperm whale size distributions  cJan-12-2018 a3485 - 34950 v1443 a

The waveforms of individual sperm whale clicks often appear as multiple pulses, which are the product of a single pulse reverberating throughout the spermaceti organ. Since there is a relationship between spermaceti organ size and total body size, it is possible to estimate a whale's length by measuring the inter-pulse intervals (IPIs) within its clicks. However, if a click is recorded off-axis, the IPI corresponding to spermaceti organ length is usually obscured. This paper presents an algorithm for automatically estimating the “true” IPIs of sperm whales in a recording by measuring them from on-axis clicks only. The routine works by classifying detected clicks with a support vector machine, assessing the stability of their IPIs, and then clustering the stable IPIs using Gaussian mixture models. Results show that the routine is very accurate in obtaining reliable IPIs, but has a high false negative rate. Nonetheless, since sperm whales click very frequently, it is possible to obtain useful IPI distributions with only a few minutes of recording. This algorithm makes it possible to estimate the body lengths of multiple sperm whales automatically with only one hydrophone. An implementation is available for download at http://whitelab.biology.dal.ca/CABLE/cable.htm.

1 aBeslin, Wilfried, A. M.1 aWhitehead, Hal1 aGero, Shane uhttp://asa.scitation.org/doi/10.1121/1.508229102345nas a2200325 4500008004100000022001400041245014200055210006900197260001600266300001600282490000800298520136100306100001901667700001601686700002001702700001901722700002501741700002101766700002001787700001801807700001701825700001901842700002201861700002101883700001501904700001601919700001501935700001801950856005101968 2018 eng d a0001-496600aDeep learning for ethoacoustical mapping: Application to a single Cachalot long term recording on joint observatories in Vancouver Island0 aDeep learning for ethoacoustical mapping Application to a single cJan-09-2018 a1776 - 17770 v1443 a

During February and March, 2018, a lone sperm whale known as Yukusam was recorded first by Orcalab in Johnstone Strait and subsequently on multiple hydrophones within the Salish Sea [1]. We learn and denoise these multichannel clicks trains with AutoEncoders Convolutional Neural Net (CNN). Then, we build a map of the echolocations to elucidate variations in the acoustic behavior of this unique animal over time, in different environments and distinct levels of boat noise. If CNN approximates an optimal kernel decomposition, it requires large amounts of data. Via spline functionals we offer analytics kernels with learnable coefficients do reduce it. We [1-3] identify the analytical mother wavelet to represent the input signal to directly learn the wavelet support from scratch by gradient descend on the parameters of cubic splines [2]. Supplemental material http://sabiod.org/yukusam [1] Balestriero, Roger, Glotin, Baraniuk, Semi-Supervised Learning via New Deep Network Inversion, arXiv preprint arXiv:1711.04313, 2017 [2] Balestriero, Cosentino, Glotin, Baraniuk, WaveletNet : Spline Filters for End-to-End Deep Learning, Int. Conf. on MachineLearning, ICML, Stockholm, http://sabiod.org/bib, 2018 [3] Spong P., Symonds H., et al., Joint Observatories Following a Single male Cachalot during 12 weeks—The Yukusam story, ASA 2018.

1 aGlotin, Hervé1 aSpong, Paul1 aSymonds, Helena1 aRoger, Vincent1 aBalestriero, Randall1 aFerrari, Maxence1 aPoupard, Marion1 aTowers, Jared1 aVeirs, Scott1 aMarxer, Ricard1 aGiraudet, Pascale1 aPilkinton, James1 aVeirs, Val1 aWood, Jason1 aFord, John1 aDakin, Thomas uhttp://asa.scitation.org/doi/10.1121/1.506785501936nas a2200289 4500008004100000022001400041245009400055210006900149260001600218300001600234490000800250520109800258100001601356700002001372700001901392700001801411700001801429700001801447700001701465700002401482700002101506700002201527700001501549700001601564700001501580856005101595 2018 eng d a0001-496600aJoint observatories following a single male Cachalot during 12 weeks —The Yukusam story0 aJoint observatories following a single male Cachalot during 12 w cJan-09-2018 a1958 - 19580 v1443 a

From 11 February to 31 March 2018, a lone male sperm whale visited coastal waters from the northeast to southern ends of Vancouver Island. This whale, named "Yukusam" after the Namgis First Nation word for Hanson Island, near where the whale was first observed and recorded, is the first sperm whale recorded acoustically in the area since 1984 and is the only sperm whale ever observed in coastal waters between Vancouver Island and continental North America. The Yukusam tracking story is a showcase for the potential of acoustic observatory collaborations. Tracking a single animal over such time and distance is remarkable. It obviously helped that Yukusam was the only sperm whale in the area, but still, the experience hints at the potential for using diverse independent observatories collaboratively. We then aim to see all the observatories running automated detection classification and location software and having all the data tied in to a public database for a total of almost 500 Gb of recordings, with labels. Supplemental material @ http://sabiod.org/yukusam

1 aSpong, Paul1 aSymonds, Helena1 aGlotin, Hervé1 aTowers, Jared1 aLarsson, Lisa1 aDakin, Thomas1 aVeirs, Scott1 aZwamborn, Elizabeth1 aPilkinton, James1 aGiraudet, Pascale1 aVeirs, Val1 aWood, Jason1 aFord, John uhttp://asa.scitation.org/doi/10.1121/1.506855701551nas a2200169 4500008004100000022001400041245007500055210006900130260001600199300001600215490000800231520103500239100002201274700001601296700001801312856005101330 2018 eng d a0001-496600aSperm whale inter-pulse intervals and size: The anomaly called Yukusam0 aSperm whale interpulse intervals and size The anomaly called Yuk cJan-09-2018 a1979 - 19790 v1443 a

Yukusam is the name given to a male sperm whale who was first documented off northeastern Vancouver Island in February 2018. He spent several weeks in this area before traveling south to the inland waters of the Salish Sea in late March 2018. Sperm whale clicks have been used as a proxy to determine overall size by using the time difference of arrival between the initial noise pulse and its reflections within the spermaceti organ. Different equations have been derived in order to use this Inter-Pulse Interval (IPI) to estimate overall length. Here we use Yukusam’s usual clicks recorded from the Lime Kiln hydrophone on the west side of San Juan Island (WA State, USA) to compare IPI-based length estimates with visual observations. Photo and video documentation indicate that this whale is ~15 m in length. Our initial acoustic results indicate that equations in the literature underestimate his length by at least a few meters. The potential reasons behind these anomalies are explored in this presentation.

1 aTurner, Jesse, C.1 aWood, Jason1 aTowers, Jared uhttp://asa.scitation.org/doi/10.1121/1.506864002009nas a2200181 4500008004100000022001400041245013400055210006900189260001600258300001400274490000800288520140200296100002001698700001601718700002301734700001901757856005101776 2018 eng d a0001-496600aVariability of the inter-pulse interval in sperm whale clicks with implications for size estimation and individual identification0 aVariability of the interpulse interval in sperm whale clicks wit cJan-07-2018 a365 - 3740 v1443 a

Sperm whales generate multi-pulsed clicks for echolocation and communication with an inter-pulse interval (IPI) determined by the size of their hypertrophied sound producing nose. The IPI has therefore been used to estimate body size and distinguish between individuals, and it has been hypothesized that conspecifics may use IPIs to recognize each other. However, the degree to which IPIs vary within individuals has not explicitly been tested, and therefore the inherent precision of this measure and its applicability for size estimation for researchers and sperm whales alike remain unknown. Here, the variability in IPI from both animal-borne Dtags and far-field recordings from echolocating and communicating sperm whales is quantified. Three different automatic methods (envelope, cepstrum, and cross-correlation) are tested and it is found that the envelope approach results in the least dispersion. Furthermore, it is shown that neither growth, depth, nor recording aspect fully explains the observed variability among clicks recorded from the same individual. It is proposed that dynamics in the soft structures of the nose are affecting IPIs, resulting in a variation of approximately 0.2 ms. Therefore, it is recommended that this variation be considered in IPI studies and that IPIs may have limited functionality as an identity cue among large groups of conspecifics.

1 aBøttcher, Anne1 aGero, Shane1 aBeedholm, Kristian1 aWhitehead, Hal uhttp://asa.scitation.org/doi/10.1121/1.5047657