@article {58071, title = {Tainacanthus ferox, a remarkable new genus and species of katydids from the high mountains of Hispaniola (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Pseudophyllinae: Polyancistrini)}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

The new genus and species of Polyancistrini katydids Tainacanthus ferox gen. nov., sp. nov. is described from specimens collected in the highest mountains of the Dominican Republic, island of Hispaniola. This is the third genus of Polyancistrini known from Hispaniola and the seventh genus of the tribe. Tainacanthus is distinctive due to the unique architecture of its pronotum, which is a large and bulbous shield with an extended metazona that covers and protects the stridulatory apparatus surrounded by a relatively small number of large and sharp spines. Additionally, all legs are armed with larger and more robust spines than those of Polyancistrus Audinet-Serville, 1831, its most likely closest relative. Tainacanthus inhabits the highest mountains of the Dominican Cordillera Central at over 2,400 m above sea level, living among hard-leaf evergreen vegetation interspersed with pine forests. The type locality is included within the Armando Berm\údez National Park, one of the most important protected areas in the Dominican Republic.

}, keywords = {biodiversity, distribution, Greater Antilles, taxonomy, Tettigonioidea, West Indies}, doi = {10.33800/nc.vi1510.33800/nc.vi15.213}, url = {http://novitatescaribaea.do/index.php/novitates/issue/view/18}, author = {Perez-Gelabert, Daniel E.} } @article {57643, title = {Low-pass filters and differential tympanal tuning in a paleotropical bushcricket with an unusually low frequency call}, year = {2013}, abstract = {

Low-frequency sounds are advantageous for long-range acoustic signal transmission, but for small animals they constitute a challenge for signal detection and localization. The efficient detection of sound in insects is enhanced by mechanical resonance either in the tracheal or tympanal system before subsequent neuronal amplification. Making small structures resonant at low sound frequencies poses challenges for insects and has not been adequately studied. Similarly, detecting the direction of long-wavelength sound using interaural signal amplitude and/or phase differences is difficult for small animals. Pseudophylline bushcrickets predominantly call at high, often ultrasonic frequencies, but a few paleotropical species use lower frequencies. We investigated the mechanical frequency tuning of the tympana of one such species, Onomarchus uninotatus, a large bushcricket that produces a narrow bandwidth call at an unusually low carrier frequency of 3.2 kHz. Onomarchus uninotatus, like most bushcrickets, has two large tympanal membranes on each fore-tibia. We found that both these membranes vibrate like hinged flaps anchored at the dorsal wall and do not show higher modes of vibration in the frequency range investigated (1.5\–20 kHz). The anterior tympanal membrane acts as a low-pass filter, attenuating sounds at frequencies above 3.5 kHz, in contrast to the high-pass filter characteristic of other bushcricket tympana. Responses to higher frequencies are partitioned to the posterior tympanal membrane, which shows maximal sensitivity at several broad frequency ranges, peaking at 3.1, 7.4 and 14.4 kHz. This partitioning between the two tympanal membranes constitutes an unusual feature of peripheral auditory processing in insects. The complex tracheal shape of O. uninotatus also deviates from the known tube or horn shapes associated with simple band-pass or high-pass amplification of tracheal input to the tympana. Interestingly, while the anterior tympanal membrane shows directional sensitivity at conspecific call frequencies, the posterior tympanal membrane is not directional at conspecific frequencies and instead shows directionality at higher frequencies.

}, keywords = {auditory, katydid, laser vibrometry, Onomarchus uninotatus, Orthoptera, pseudophylline, tettigoniid, trachea, tympanum}, doi = {10.1242/jeb.078352}, url = {http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/doi/10.1242/jeb.078352https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1242/jeb.078352}, author = {Rajaraman, K. and Mhatre, N. and Jain, M. and Postles, M. and Rohini Balakrishnan and Daniel Robert} } @article {53569, title = {Bat Predation and Its Influence on Calling Behavior in Neotropical Katydids}, journal = {Science}, volume = {238}, year = {1987}, month = {Feb-10-1987}, pages = {64 - 67}, abstract = {

Insectivorous bats have influenced the development of antipredator behavior in moths, green lacewings, crickets, and mantids; until recently, such adaptations were unknown in katydids. Foliage-gleaning bats in Panama can use the female-attracting, airborne calling songs of nocturnal katydids to locate prey. They also feed heavily on these insects. Katydid species sympatric with these bats exhibit markedly reduced calling song duty cycles. Males supplement shortened songs with complex, species-specific tremulations that generate vibrations that are inaudible to bats but reach conspecific females through a shared plant substrate. Female katydids do not call audibly but are also preyed on in large numbers, perhaps as a result of moving toward calling males.

}, issn = {0036-8075}, doi = {10.1126/science.238.4823.64}, url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.238.4823.64https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1126/science.238.4823.64}, author = {Belwood, Jacqueline Janine and Glenn K. Morris} } @article {53547, title = {Studies in Australian Tettigoniidae: Australian Pseudophylline katydids (Tettigoniidae; Pseudophyllinae; Phyllomimini)}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {2566}, year = {2010}, month = {Jan-08-2011}, pages = {1}, abstract = {

The genus Acauloplacella Karny is recorded from Australia. Four new species are described, all in the subgenus Acauloplacella. The Australian representatives are related to those in New Guinea. All species occur in rainforest, especially along the margins. They are known from the east coast from disjunct populations from Iron Range south to near Townsville, Qld. They are nocturnal plant feeders with males uttering a stuttering call after dark.

}, keywords = {Acauloplacella, biology, Orthoptera, Phyllomimini, Pseudophyllinae, taxonomy, Tettigoniidae}, issn = {1175-5326}, doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.2566.110.11646/zootaxa.2566.1.1}, url = {https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/issue/view/zootaxa.2566.1https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2566.1.1https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/viewFile/44075/37973}, author = {D. C. F. Rentz and Su, You Ning and Norihiro Ueshima} } @article {52787, title = {Unusual abdomino-alary, defensive stridulatory mechanism in the bushcricketPantecphylus cerambycinus (Orthoptera, Tettigonioidea, Pseudophyllidae)}, journal = {Journal of Morphology}, volume = {227}, year = {1996}, month = {Jan-01-1996}, pages = {81 - 86}, issn = {0362-2525}, doi = {10.1002/(ISSN)1097-468710.1002/(SICI)1097-4687(199601)227:1<>1.0.CO;2-T10.1002/(SICI)1097-4687(199601)227:1<81::AID-JMOR6>3.0.CO;2-S}, url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/\%28ISSN\%291097-4687}, author = {Klaus-Gerhard Heller} } @article {52731, title = {Two new katydids of the genus Melanonotus from Costa Rica with Comments on their life history strategies (Tettigoniidae pseudophyllinae)}, journal = {Entomological News}, volume = {86}, year = {1975}, pages = {129-140}, chapter = {129}, abstract = {

Two new katydids are described from Costa Rica extending the known range of\ Melanonotus\ northward. The contrast in life history and morphology between primary forest katydids and secondary growth or temperate species is discussed. The absence of regular nightly stridulation and morphological differences such as the extremely long antennae of the two\ Melanonotus\ species and other primary forest epiphyllic katydids are suggested as adaptations to bat predation.

}, keywords = {bat predation, behaviour, Costa Rica, Melanonotus, Pseudophyllinae, Tettigoniidae}, author = {D. C. F. Rentz} } @article {52683, title = {Songs and Systematics of Some Tettigoniidae from Colombia and Ecuador I. Pseudophyllinae (Orthoptera)}, journal = {Journal of Orthoptera Research}, year = {1999}, month = {Jan-11-1999}, pages = {163}, abstract = {

This paper provides taxonomic description for 16 species of pseudophylline katydid. Analysis of the calling songs is given for all but one. Among 14 genera Mystron and Stetharasa are new. Eleven new species are described from four Provinces in Ecuador: Morona Santiago, Pichincha, Los Rios and Napo, and two southern Departamentos of Colombia: Valle del Cauca and Risaralda. The diverse species-specific calling songs of Pseudophyllinae are comprised of either transient or sinusoidal pulses. The carrier frequency song spectrum occurs in conjunction with these two pulse types, as either a band (transient pulse, low Q) or a single dominant narrow-peak carrier (sinusoidal, high Q). And stridulatory file morphology differs accordingly. Principal carriers in the songs of the species described here range from the audio to the low ultrasonic (20-30 kHz); overall among pseudophylline species whose songs are known (n = 65), a majority (75\%) incorporate high Q pulses.

}, issn = {10826467}, doi = {10.2307/3503439}, url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/3503439?origin=crossref}, author = {Z., Fernando Montealegre and Glenn K. Morris} } @article {51484, title = {Song Structure and Description of Some Costa Rican Katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)}, journal = {Transactions of the American Entomological Society}, volume = {108}, year = {1982}, pages = {287-314}, chapter = {287}, abstract = {

The physical features of the calling songs of a dozen species of Tettigoniidae from Costa Rica are recorded and analyzed. A new species, Cocconotus pusillus, is described from the cloud forest.

Several forms from the understory of lowland rainforest utilize high-Q (sinusoidal) carrier frequencies in the ultrasonic range and to this end the sound generating regions of the tegmina are uniquely strengthened. Relative to other katydids, these insects show what may be adaptations for avoidance of predatory bats: elongate antennae, lowered thresholds for elicitation of defensive behaviour and a severely curtailed signal emission time. It is proposed that reduced signal dura tion has placed a selective premium on localization efficiency during pair formation. The ultrasonic pure tone carrier, functioning in conjunction with highly directional ear slits, may be an adaptation to enhance localization.

}, url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/25078301}, author = {Glenn K. Morris and Max Beier} } @article {50909, title = {Morphological determinants of carrier frequency signal in katydids (Orthoptera): a comparative analysis using biophysical evidence}, journal = {Journal of Evolutionary Biology}, year = {2017}, month = {Apr-09-2018}, abstract = {

Male katydids produce mating calls by stridulation using specialized structures on the forewings. The right wing (RW) bears a scraper connected to a drum-like cell known as the mirror and a left wing (LW) that overlaps the RW and bears a serrated vein on the ventral side, the stridulatory file. Sound is generated with the scraper sweeping across the file, producing vibrations that are amplified by the mirror. Using this sound generator, katydids exploit a range of song carrier frequencies (CF) unsurpassed by any other insect group, with species singing as low as 600 Hz and others as high as 150 kHz. Sound generator size has been shown to scale negatively with CF, but such observations derive from studies based on few species, without phylogenetic control, and/or using only the RW mirror length. We carried out a phylogenetic comparative analysis involving 94 species of katydids to study the relationship between LW and RW components of the sound generator and the CF of the male\&$\#$39;s mating call, while taking into account body size and phylogenetic relationships. The results showed that CF negatively scaled with all morphological measures, but was most strongly related to components of the sound generation system (file, LW and RW mirrors). Interestingly, the LW mirror (reduced and non-functional) predicted CF more accurately than the RW mirror, and body size is not a reliable CF predictor. Mathematical models were verified on known species for predicting CF in species for which sound is unknown (e.g. fossils or museum specimens).

}, doi = {10.1111/jeb.13179}, url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/jeb.13179}, author = {Fernando Montealegre-Zapata and Ogden, Jessica and Jonsson, Thorin and Soulsbury, Carl D.} } @article {43232, title = {The Seasonal Succession of Orthopteran Stridulation near Raleigh, North Carolina}, journal = {Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society}, volume = {67}, year = {1951}, month = {June 1951}, pages = {87-95}, chapter = {87}, author = {B. B. Fulton} } @article {17223, title = {The stridulatory apparatus of two species of Tettigoniid.}, journal = {Tissue Cell}, volume = {3}, year = {1971}, month = {1971}, pages = {71-6}, abstract = {

A scanning electron microscopical examination has been made of the stridulatory apparatus of Homorocoryphus nitidulus vicinus (Wlk.) and Jamaiciana flava (Wlk.). Its structure is discussed in relation to function, and the probable affinities of the two species within the Tettigoniidae.

}, issn = {0040-8166}, doi = {10.1016/S0040-8166(71)80032-0}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040816671800320}, author = {Anstee, J H} } @article {15290, title = {Taxonomic, bioacoustic and faunistic data on a collection of Tettigonioidea from Eastern Congo (Insecta: Orthoptera)}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {3785}, year = {2014}, month = {Apr-04-2014}, pages = {343}, issn = {1175-5326}, doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.3785.310.11646/zootaxa.3785.3.2}, url = {http://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/issue/view/zootaxa.3785.3}, author = {Klaus-Gerhard Heller and Claudia Hemp and Chunxiang Liu and Volleth, Marianne} } @article {11176, title = {True Katydids (Pseudophyllinae) from Guadeloupe: Acoustic Signals and Functional Considerations of Song Production}, journal = {Journal of Insect Science}, volume = {13}, year = {2013}, month = {Jan-12-2013}, pages = {1 - 16}, abstract = {

Guadeloupe, the largest of the Leeward Islands, harbors three species of Pseudophyllinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) belonging to distinct tribes. This study examined the basic aspects of sound production and acousto-vibratory behavior of these species. As the songs of many Pseudophyllinae are complex and peak at high frequencies, they require high quality recordings. Wild specimens were therefore recorded ex situ. Collected specimens were used in structure-function experiments. Karukerana aguilari Bonfils (Pterophyllini) is a large species with a mirror in each tegmen and conspicuous folds over the mirror. It sings 4\–6 syllables, each comprising 10\–20 pulses, with several peaks in the frequency spectrum between 4 and 20 kHz. The song is among the loudest in Orthoptera (\> 125 dB SPL in 10 cm distance). The folds are protective and have no function in song production. Both mirrors may work independently in sound radiation. Nesonotus reticulatus (Fabricius) (Cocconotini) produces verses from two syllables at irregular intervals. The song peaks around 20 kHz. While singing, the males often produce a tremulation signal with the abdomen at about 8\–10 Hz. To our knowledge, it is the first record of simultaneous calling song and tremulation in Orthoptera. Other males reply to the tremulation with their own tremulation. Xerophyllopteryx fumosa (Brunner von Wattenwyl) (Pleminiini) is a large, bark-like species, producing a syllable of around 20 pulses. The syllables are produced with irregular rhythms (often two with shorter intervals). The song peaks around 2\–3 kHz and 10 kHz. The hind wings are relatively thick and are held between the half opened tegmina during singing. Removal of the hind wings reduces song intensity by about 5 dB, especially of the low frequency component, suggesting that the hind wings have a role in amplifying the song.

}, keywords = {bioacoustics, bush-cricket, stridulation}, issn = {1536-2442}, doi = {10.1673/031.013.15701}, url = {http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1673/031.013.15701}, author = {Stumpner, Andreas and Dann, Angela and Schink, Matthias and Gubert, Silvia and Hugel, Sylvain} } @article {11173, title = {Panoploscelis specularis (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Pseudophyllinae): extraordinary female sound generator, male description, male protest and calling signals}, journal = {Journal of Orthoptera Research}, volume = {12}, year = {2003}, month = {Jan-12-2003}, pages = {173 - 181}, abstract = {

Females of Panoploscelis specularis present a dramatic modification of their forewings for stridulation. The female generator is illustrated and its distinct form contrasted with that of males. The physical form of the signals that females might produce is inferred; male calling and protest signals are characterized. The male of P. specularis is described for the first time.

}, keywords = {acoustics, Colombia, defense, Ecuador, katydid, stridulation}, issn = {1082-6467}, doi = {10.1665/1082-6467(2003)012[0173:PSOTPE]2.0.CO;2}, url = {http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1665/1082-6467\%282003\%29012\%5B0173\%3APSOTPE\%5D2.0.CO\%3B2}, author = {Fernando Montealegre-Zapata and Guerra, Patrick A. and Glenn K. Morris} }