01716nas a2200169 4500008004100000245017000041210006900211520106600280653001701346653001701363653002101380653001301401653001901414653001601433100003101449856006601480 2020 eng d00aTainacanthus ferox, a remarkable new genus and species of katydids from the high mountains of Hispaniola (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Pseudophyllinae: Polyancistrini)0 aTainacanthus ferox a remarkable new genus and species of katydid3 a

The new genus and species of Polyancistrini katydids Tainacanthus ferox gen. nov., sp. nov. is described from specimens collected in the highest mountains of the Dominican Republic, island of Hispaniola. This is the third genus of Polyancistrini known from Hispaniola and the seventh genus of the tribe. Tainacanthus is distinctive due to the unique architecture of its pronotum, which is a large and bulbous shield with an extended metazona that covers and protects the stridulatory apparatus surrounded by a relatively small number of large and sharp spines. Additionally, all legs are armed with larger and more robust spines than those of Polyancistrus Audinet-Serville, 1831, its most likely closest relative. Tainacanthus inhabits the highest mountains of the Dominican Cordillera Central at over 2,400 m above sea level, living among hard-leaf evergreen vegetation interspersed with pine forests. The type locality is included within the Armando Bermúdez National Park, one of the most important protected areas in the Dominican Republic.

10abiodiversity10adistribution10aGreater Antilles10ataxonomy10aTettigonioidea10aWest Indies1 aPerez-Gelabert, Daniel, E. uhttp://novitatescaribaea.do/index.php/novitates/issue/view/1803077nas a2200265 4500008004100000245012200041210006900163520220600232653001302438653001202451653002102463653002602484653001502510653001902525653001602544653001202560653001302572100001802585700001502603700001302618700001602631700002502647700001902672856012002691 2013 eng d00aLow-pass filters and differential tympanal tuning in a paleotropical bushcricket with an unusually low frequency call0 aLowpass filters and differential tympanal tuning in a paleotropi3 a

Low-frequency sounds are advantageous for long-range acoustic signal transmission, but for small animals they constitute a challenge for signal detection and localization. The efficient detection of sound in insects is enhanced by mechanical resonance either in the tracheal or tympanal system before subsequent neuronal amplification. Making small structures resonant at low sound frequencies poses challenges for insects and has not been adequately studied. Similarly, detecting the direction of long-wavelength sound using interaural signal amplitude and/or phase differences is difficult for small animals. Pseudophylline bushcrickets predominantly call at high, often ultrasonic frequencies, but a few paleotropical species use lower frequencies. We investigated the mechanical frequency tuning of the tympana of one such species, Onomarchus uninotatus, a large bushcricket that produces a narrow bandwidth call at an unusually low carrier frequency of 3.2 kHz. Onomarchus uninotatus, like most bushcrickets, has two large tympanal membranes on each fore-tibia. We found that both these membranes vibrate like hinged flaps anchored at the dorsal wall and do not show higher modes of vibration in the frequency range investigated (1.5–20 kHz). The anterior tympanal membrane acts as a low-pass filter, attenuating sounds at frequencies above 3.5 kHz, in contrast to the high-pass filter characteristic of other bushcricket tympana. Responses to higher frequencies are partitioned to the posterior tympanal membrane, which shows maximal sensitivity at several broad frequency ranges, peaking at 3.1, 7.4 and 14.4 kHz. This partitioning between the two tympanal membranes constitutes an unusual feature of peripheral auditory processing in insects. The complex tracheal shape of O. uninotatus also deviates from the known tube or horn shapes associated with simple band-pass or high-pass amplification of tracheal input to the tympana. Interestingly, while the anterior tympanal membrane shows directional sensitivity at conspecific call frequencies, the posterior tympanal membrane is not directional at conspecific frequencies and instead shows directionality at higher frequencies.

10aauditory10akatydid10alaser vibrometry10aOnomarchus uninotatus10aOrthoptera10apseudophylline10atettigoniid10atrachea10atympanum1 aRajaraman, K.1 aMhatre, N.1 aJain, M.1 aPostles, M.1 aBalakrishnan, Rohini1 aRobert, Daniel uhttp://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/doi/10.1242/jeb.078352https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1242/jeb.07835201368nas a2200157 4500008004100000022001400041245008000055210006900135260001600204300001200220490000800232520077800240100003201018700002201050856013801072 1987 eng d a0036-807500aBat Predation and Its Influence on Calling Behavior in Neotropical Katydids0 aBat Predation and Its Influence on Calling Behavior in Neotropic cFeb-10-1987 a64 - 670 v2383 a

Insectivorous bats have influenced the development of antipredator behavior in moths, green lacewings, crickets, and mantids; until recently, such adaptations were unknown in katydids. Foliage-gleaning bats in Panama can use the female-attracting, airborne calling songs of nocturnal katydids to locate prey. They also feed heavily on these insects. Katydid species sympatric with these bats exhibit markedly reduced calling song duty cycles. Males supplement shortened songs with complex, species-specific tremulations that generate vibrations that are inaudible to bats but reach conspecific females through a shared plant substrate. Female katydids do not call audibly but are also preyed on in large numbers, perhaps as a result of moving toward calling males.

1 aBelwood, Jacqueline, Janine1 aMorris, Glenn, K. uhttp://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.238.4823.64https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1126/science.238.4823.6401339nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245012300055210006900178260001600247300000600263490000900269520046100278653001900739653001200758653001500770653001700785653002000802653001300822653001800835100002100853700001800874700002200892856017100914 2010 eng d a1175-532600aStudies in Australian Tettigoniidae: Australian Pseudophylline katydids (Tettigoniidae; Pseudophyllinae; Phyllomimini)0 aStudies in Australian Tettigoniidae Australian Pseudophylline ka cJan-08-2011 a10 v25663 a

The genus Acauloplacella Karny is recorded from Australia. Four new species are described, all in the subgenus Acauloplacella. The Australian representatives are related to those in New Guinea. All species occur in rainforest, especially along the margins. They are known from the east coast from disjunct populations from Iron Range south to near Townsville, Qld. They are nocturnal plant feeders with males uttering a stuttering call after dark.

10aAcauloplacella10abiology10aOrthoptera10aPhyllomimini10aPseudophyllinae10ataxonomy10aTettigoniidae1 aRentz, D., C. F.1 aSu, You, Ning1 aUeshima, Norihiro uhttps://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/issue/view/zootaxa.2566.1https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2566.1.1https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/viewFile/44075/3797300524nas a2200133 4500008004100000022001400041245015100055210006900206260001600275300001200291490000800303100002600311856005300337 1996 eng d a0362-252500aUnusual abdomino-alary, defensive stridulatory mechanism in the bushcricketPantecphylus cerambycinus (Orthoptera, Tettigonioidea, Pseudophyllidae)0 aUnusual abdominoalary defensive stridulatory mechanism in the bu cJan-01-1996 a81 - 860 v2271 aHeller, Klaus-Gerhard uhttp://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/%28ISSN%291097-468701142nas a2200193 4500008004100000245014100041210006900182300001200251490000700263520051500270653001800785653001400803653001500817653001600832653002000848653001800868100002100886856004100907 1975 eng d00aTwo new katydids of the genus Melanonotus from Costa Rica with Comments on their life history strategies (Tettigoniidae pseudophyllinae)0 aTwo new katydids of the genus Melanonotus from Costa Rica with C a129-1400 v863 a

Two new katydids are described from Costa Rica extending the known range of Melanonotus northward. The contrast in life history and morphology between primary forest katydids and secondary growth or temperate species is discussed. The absence of regular nightly stridulation and morphological differences such as the extremely long antennae of the two Melanonotus species and other primary forest epiphyllic katydids are suggested as adaptations to bat predation.

10abat predation10abehaviour10aCosta Rica10aMelanonotus10aPseudophyllinae10aTettigoniidae1 aRentz, D., C. F. uhttps://bio.acousti.ca/da/node/5273101488nas a2200145 4500008004100000022001300041245010600054210006900160260001600229300000800245520098200253100002901235700002201264856005601286 1999 eng d a1082646700aSongs and Systematics of Some Tettigoniidae from Colombia and Ecuador I. Pseudophyllinae (Orthoptera)0 aSongs and Systematics of Some Tettigoniidae from Colombia and Ec cJan-11-1999 a1633 a

This paper provides taxonomic description for 16 species of pseudophylline katydid. Analysis of the calling songs is given for all but one. Among 14 genera Mystron and Stetharasa are new. Eleven new species are described from four Provinces in Ecuador: Morona Santiago, Pichincha, Los Rios and Napo, and two southern Departamentos of Colombia: Valle del Cauca and Risaralda. The diverse species-specific calling songs of Pseudophyllinae are comprised of either transient or sinusoidal pulses. The carrier frequency song spectrum occurs in conjunction with these two pulse types, as either a band (transient pulse, low Q) or a single dominant narrow-peak carrier (sinusoidal, high Q). And stridulatory file morphology differs accordingly. Principal carriers in the songs of the species described here range from the audio to the low ultrasonic (20-30 kHz); overall among pseudophylline species whose songs are known (n = 65), a majority (75%) incorporate high Q pulses.

1 aZ., Fernando, Montealegr1 aMorris, Glenn, K. uhttp://www.jstor.org/stable/3503439?origin=crossref01360nas a2200133 4500008004100000245009200041210006900133300001200202490000800214520092600222100002201148700001501170856004101185 1982 eng d00aSong Structure and Description of Some Costa Rican Katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)0 aSong Structure and Description of Some Costa Rican Katydids Orth a287-3140 v1083 a

The physical features of the calling songs of a dozen species of Tettigoniidae from Costa Rica are recorded and analyzed. A new species, Cocconotus pusillus, is described from the cloud forest.

Several forms from the understory of lowland rainforest utilize high-Q (sinusoidal) carrier frequencies in the ultrasonic range and to this end the sound generating regions of the tegmina are uniquely strengthened. Relative to other katydids, these insects show what may be adaptations for avoidance of predatory bats: elongate antennae, lowered thresholds for elicitation of defensive behaviour and a severely curtailed signal emission time. It is proposed that reduced signal dura tion has placed a selective premium on localization efficiency during pair formation. The ultrasonic pure tone carrier, functioning in conjunction with highly directional ear slits, may be an adaptation to enhance localization.

1 aMorris, Glenn, K.1 aBeier, Max uhttp://www.jstor.org/stable/2507830102113nas a2200145 4500008004100000245013500041210006900176260001600245520156700261100003301828700001901861700002001880700002401900856004301924 2017 eng d00aMorphological determinants of carrier frequency signal in katydids (Orthoptera): a comparative analysis using biophysical evidence0 aMorphological determinants of carrier frequency signal in katydi cApr-09-20183 a

Male katydids produce mating calls by stridulation using specialized structures on the forewings. The right wing (RW) bears a scraper connected to a drum-like cell known as the mirror and a left wing (LW) that overlaps the RW and bears a serrated vein on the ventral side, the stridulatory file. Sound is generated with the scraper sweeping across the file, producing vibrations that are amplified by the mirror. Using this sound generator, katydids exploit a range of song carrier frequencies (CF) unsurpassed by any other insect group, with species singing as low as 600 Hz and others as high as 150 kHz. Sound generator size has been shown to scale negatively with CF, but such observations derive from studies based on few species, without phylogenetic control, and/or using only the RW mirror length. We carried out a phylogenetic comparative analysis involving 94 species of katydids to study the relationship between LW and RW components of the sound generator and the CF of the male's mating call, while taking into account body size and phylogenetic relationships. The results showed that CF negatively scaled with all morphological measures, but was most strongly related to components of the sound generation system (file, LW and RW mirrors). Interestingly, the LW mirror (reduced and non-functional) predicted CF more accurately than the RW mirror, and body size is not a reliable CF predictor. Mathematical models were verified on known species for predicting CF in species for which sound is unknown (e.g. fossils or museum specimens).

1 aMontealegre-Zapata, Fernando1 aOgden, Jessica1 aJonsson, Thorin1 aSoulsbury, Carl, D. uhttp://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/jeb.1317900408nas a2200121 4500008004100000245008500041210006900126260001400195300001000209490000700219100001900226856004100245 1951 eng d00aThe Seasonal Succession of Orthopteran Stridulation near Raleigh, North Carolina0 aSeasonal Succession of Orthopteran Stridulation near Raleigh Nor cJune 1951 a87-950 v671 aFulton, B., B. uhttps://bio.acousti.ca/da/node/4323200732nas a2200145 4500008004100000022001400041245006200055210005700117260000900174300000900183490000600192520030000198100001700498856007100515 1971 eng d a0040-816600aThe stridulatory apparatus of two species of Tettigoniid.0 astridulatory apparatus of two species of Tettigoniid c1971 a71-60 v33 a

A scanning electron microscopical examination has been made of the stridulatory apparatus of Homorocoryphus nitidulus vicinus (Wlk.) and Jamaiciana flava (Wlk.). Its structure is discussed in relation to function, and the probable affinities of the two species within the Tettigoniidae.

1 aAnstee, J, H uhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004081667180032000590nas a2200169 4500008004100000022001400041245012100055210006900176260001600245300000800261490000900269100002600278700001800304700001900322700002200341856005700363 2014 eng d a1175-532600aTaxonomic, bioacoustic and faunistic data on a collection of Tettigonioidea from Eastern Congo (Insecta: Orthoptera)0 aTaxonomic bioacoustic and faunistic data on a collection of Tett cApr-04-2014 a3430 v37851 aHeller, Klaus-Gerhard1 aHemp, Claudia1 aLiu, Chunxiang1 aVolleth, Marianne uhttp://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/issue/view/zootaxa.3785.302619nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245011900055210006900174260001600243300001100259490000700270520190700277653001702184653001702201653001702218100002202235700001702257700002102274700001902295700001902314856005602333 2013 eng d a1536-244200aTrue Katydids (Pseudophyllinae) from Guadeloupe: Acoustic Signals and Functional Considerations of Song Production0 aTrue Katydids Pseudophyllinae from Guadeloupe Acoustic Signals a cJan-12-2013 a1 - 160 v133 a

Guadeloupe, the largest of the Leeward Islands, harbors three species of Pseudophyllinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) belonging to distinct tribes. This study examined the basic aspects of sound production and acousto-vibratory behavior of these species. As the songs of many Pseudophyllinae are complex and peak at high frequencies, they require high quality recordings. Wild specimens were therefore recorded ex situ. Collected specimens were used in structure-function experiments. Karukerana aguilari Bonfils (Pterophyllini) is a large species with a mirror in each tegmen and conspicuous folds over the mirror. It sings 4–6 syllables, each comprising 10–20 pulses, with several peaks in the frequency spectrum between 4 and 20 kHz. The song is among the loudest in Orthoptera (> 125 dB SPL in 10 cm distance). The folds are protective and have no function in song production. Both mirrors may work independently in sound radiation. Nesonotus reticulatus (Fabricius) (Cocconotini) produces verses from two syllables at irregular intervals. The song peaks around 20 kHz. While singing, the males often produce a tremulation signal with the abdomen at about 8–10 Hz. To our knowledge, it is the first record of simultaneous calling song and tremulation in Orthoptera. Other males reply to the tremulation with their own tremulation. Xerophyllopteryx fumosa (Brunner von Wattenwyl) (Pleminiini) is a large, bark-like species, producing a syllable of around 20 pulses. The syllables are produced with irregular rhythms (often two with shorter intervals). The song peaks around 2–3 kHz and 10 kHz. The hind wings are relatively thick and are held between the half opened tegmina during singing. Removal of the hind wings reduces song intensity by about 5 dB, especially of the low frequency component, suggesting that the hind wings have a role in amplifying the song.

10abioacoustics10abush-cricket10astridulation1 aStumpner, Andreas1 aDann, Angela1 aSchink, Matthias1 aGubert, Silvia1 aHugel, Sylvain uhttp://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1673/031.013.1570101211nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245016400055210006900219260001600288300001400304490000700318520039100325653001400716653001300730653001200743653001200755653001200767653001700779100003300796700002400829700002200853856009400875 2003 eng d a1082-646700aPanoploscelis specularis (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Pseudophyllinae): extraordinary female sound generator, male description, male protest and calling signals0 aPanoploscelis specularis Orthoptera Tettigoniidae Pseudophyllina cJan-12-2003 a173 - 1810 v123 a

Females of Panoploscelis specularis present a dramatic modification of their forewings for stridulation. The female generator is illustrated and its distinct form contrasted with that of males. The physical form of the signals that females might produce is inferred; male calling and protest signals are characterized. The male of P. specularis is described for the first time.

10aacoustics10aColombia10adefense10aEcuador10akatydid10astridulation1 aMontealegre-Zapata, Fernando1 aGuerra, Patrick, A.1 aMorris, Glenn, K. uhttp://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1665/1082-6467%282003%29012%5B0173%3APSOTPE%5D2.0.CO%3B2