02689nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001300041245010200054210006900156260001600225520202600241653002702267653002502294653001302319653002102332653002502353100002802378700002302406856006602429 2017 eng d a0378595500aThe heterospecific calling song can improve conspecific signal detection in a bushcricket species0 aheterospecific calling song can improve conspecific signal detec cJan-09-20173 a

In forest clearings of the Malaysian rainforest, chirping and trilling Mecopoda species often live in sympatry. We investigated whether a phenomenon known as stochastic resonance (SR) improved the ability of individuals to detect a low-frequent signal component typical of chirps when members of the heterospecific trilling species were simultaneously active. This phenomenon may explain the fact that the chirping species upholds entrainment to the conspecific song in the presence of the trill. Therefore, we evaluated the response probability of an ascending auditory neuron (TN-1) in individuals of the chirping Mecopoda species to triple-pulsed 2, 8 and 20 kHz signals that were broadcast 1 dB below the hearing threshold while increasing the intensity of either white noise or a typical triller song.

Our results demonstrate the existence of SR over a rather broad range of signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of input signals when periodic 2 kHz and 20 kHz signals were presented at the same time as white noise. Using the chirp-specific 2 kHz signal as a stimulus, the maximum TN-1 response probability frequently exceeded the 50% threshold if the trill was broadcast simultaneously. Playback of an 8 kHz signal, a common frequency band component of the trill, yielded a similar result. Nevertheless, using the trill as a masker, the signal-related TN-1 spiking probability was rather variable. The variability on an individual level resulted from correlations between the phase relationship of the signal and syllables of the trill. For the first time, these results demonstrate the existence of SR in acoustically-communicating insects and suggest that the calling song of heterospecifics may facilitate the detection of a subthreshold signal component in certain situations. The results of the simulation of sound propagation in a computer model suggest a wide range of sender-receiver distances in which the triller can help to improve the detection of subthreshold signals in the chirping species.

10aacoustic communication10aauditory interneuron10aEnsifera10asignal detection10astochastic resonance1 aAbdelatti, Zainab, A.S.1 aHartbauer, Manfred uhttp://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S037859551730211301372nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245011700055210006900172260001600241300000800257490000900265520062200274653001700896653001700913653001200930653001300942653001500955653001600970100002400986700001701010856011501027 2017 eng d a1175-532600aAnurogryllus Saussure, 1877 (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae) from southern Brazil: new species and new records0 aAnurogryllus Saussure 1877 Orthoptera Gryllidae Gryllinae from s cOct-07-2017 a5590 v42903 a

The aim of this work was to extend the taxonomic knowledge of the species of Anurogryllus Saussure, 1877 that occurs in the southern municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. We found three different species, Anurogryllus tapes sp. nov. collected in municipalities of Canguçu and Capão do Leão, Anurogryllus patos sp. nov. from Capão do Leão and Anurogryllus toledopizai (de Mello, 1988) recorded from Canguçu, Capão do Leão e São Lourenço do Sul. Here we present the descriptions of morphology, male genitalia and calling songs.

10abioacoustics10acalling song10acricket10aEnsifera10aOrthoptera10aPampa biome1 aRedü, Darlan, Rutz1 aZefa, Edison uhttps://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/issue/view/zootaxa.4290.3https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4290.3.9