@article {47927,
	title = {Variation and repeatability of male agonistic hiss characteristics and their relationship to social rank in Gromphadorhina portentosa},
	journal = {Animal Behaviour},
	volume = {50},
	year = {1995},
	month = {Jan-01-1995},
	pages = {719 - 729},
	abstract = {<p>Male Madagascar hissing cockroaches, Gromphadorhina portentosa, produce a variety of sounds or \&lsquo;hisses\&rsquo; during social interactions. The agonistic signals produced during male-male competition were examined, specifically the intra- and inter-individual variation of agonistic hisses, to determine if these sounds could be reliable indicators of male rank or male size. The relationship between characteristics of the agonistic hiss and social rank were also examined. Among males, agonistic hisses ranged from sounds without clear frequency bands to those with frequency modulation. Agonistic hisses varied in dominant frequency, which was measured at the beginning, middle, and end of the hiss, duration, and hiss rate (number per min). With males, the characteristics of a hiss were repeatable within and between days. Dominant males hissed significantly more than middle-ranking or subordinate males. While dominant, middle-ranking and subordinate males differed in the rate of hissing, there were no significant differences in the duration or dominant frequency of their hisses. Finally, the relationship between male weight and features of agonistic hisses was examined. Both duration and frequency were significantly correlated with male weight. Larger males had longer, lower frequency hisses than smaller males. The possible function of agonistic hissing during male-male interactions and the role of hisses in discrimination between individuals is discussed.</p>
},
	issn = {00033472},
	doi = {10.1016/0003-3472(95)80132-4},
	url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0003347295801324},
	author = {Clark, Deborah C. and Moore, Allen J.}
}
@article {47923,
	title = {Social Communication in the Madagascar Hissing Cockroach: Features of Male Courtship Hisses and a Comparison of Courtship and Agonistic Hisses},
	journal = {Behaviour},
	volume = {132},
	year = {1995},
	month = {Jan-01-1995},
	pages = {401 - 417},
	abstract = {<p>Male Madagascar hissing cockroaches (Gromphadorhina portentosa) produce acoustic sounds or \&$\#$39;hisses\&$\#$39; during courtship interactions with females. G. portentosa males also hiss during agonistic interactions with other males. In this study we documented intra- and inter- individual variation in male courtship hisses, addressed the possible role of hissing as an indicator of male rank, size or mating success, and determined if individual males produce different hisses during courtship and agonistic interactions. We found inter-individual variation in courtship hisses in dominant frequency and duration. Within males, these characteristics of the courtship hiss were repeatable within a day. Characteristics of courtship hisses and mating success were not related to male rank. However, courtship hisses may convey information about the size of the male: larger males had longer, lower frequency hisses than smaller males. There was a trend for males that mated to be larger than males that did not mate. However, characteristics of the\&$\#$39; courtship hiss were not significantly related to mating success after controlling for differences in male weight. Finally, we found that the dominant frequency and duration of courtship and agonistic hisses of males did not differ suggesting that males are using similar signals during both courtship and agonistic interactions. We interpret these results in light of the possible functions of hissing, male-male competition, and female discrimination during courtship interactions.</p>
},
	issn = {0005-7959},
	doi = {10.1163/156853995X00630},
	url = {http://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/content/journals/10.1163/156853995x00630},
	author = {Clark, Deborah C. and Moore, Allen J.}
}
