01832nas a2200133   4500008004100000245009400041210006900135520134400204100002001548700003001568700002801598700001801626856005401644       2019                        eng d00aDeep-diving pilot whales make cheap, but powerful, echolocation clicks with 50 µL of air0 aDeepdiving pilot whales make cheap but powerful echolocation cli3 a<p>Echolocating toothed whales produce powerful clicks pneumatically to detect prey in the deep sea where this long-range sensory channel makes them formidable top predators. However, air supplies for sound production compress with depth following Boyle&rsquo;s law suggesting that deep-diving whales must use very small air volumes per echolocation click to facilitate continuous sensory flow in foraging dives. Here we test this hypothesis by analysing click-induced acoustic resonances in the nasal air sacs, recorded by biologging tags. Using 27000 clicks from 102 dives of 23 tagged pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus), we show that click production requires only 50&thinsp;&micro;L of air/click at 500&thinsp;m depth increasing gradually to 100&thinsp;&micro;L at 1000&thinsp;m. With such small air volumes, the metabolic cost of sound production is on the order of 40&thinsp;J per dive which is a negligible fraction of the field metabolic rate. Nonetheless, whales must make frequent pauses in echolocation to recycle air between nasal sacs. Thus, frugal use of air and periodic recycling of very limited air volumes enable pilot whales, and likely other toothed whales, to echolocate cheaply and almost continuously throughout foraging dives, providing them with a strong sensory advantage in diverse aquatic habitats.</p>
1 aFoskolos, Ilias1 ade Soto, Natacha, Aguilar1 aMadsen, Peter, Teglberg1 aJohnson, Mark  uhttp://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-51619-600578nas a2200157   4500008004100000245011600041210006900157260001600226300001200242490000700254100002800261700002300289700002500312700003000337856005300367       2017                        eng d00aDifferent modes of acoustic communication in deep-diving short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus)0 aDifferent modes of acoustic communication in deepdiving shortfin  cJan-01-2017  a59 - 790 v331 aPérez, Jacobo, Marrero1 aJensen, Frants, H.1 aRojano-Doñate, Laia1 ade Soto, Natacha, Aguilar  uhttp://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/mms.2017.33.issue-1