@article {53292,
	title = {Bottlenose dolphin ( <i>Tursiops truncatus</i>) vocal modifications in response to spectrally pink background noise},
	journal = {The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America},
	volume = {144},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-09-2018},
	pages = {1742 - 1742},
	abstract = {<p>The increase of oceanic shipping is a global predicament. The resulting proliferation of underwater noise levels is a serious concern for marine mammal welfare, as it has the potential to interfere with the communicative signals of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). The Lombard effect and other noise-induced vocal modifications may be employed to compensate for reduced signal-to-noise ratios. This study aimed to determine which vocal modifications dolphins use during experimentally controlled background noise conditions. Three dolphins (ages 30\&ndash;52) participated in behavioral hearing tests using an adaptive up-down staircase, go/no-go procedure with 15 or 40 kHz tones. Tones decreased by 3 dB increments if a dolphin responded to the tone with a conditioned whistle, and increased by 3 dB if they did not. Dolphins performed this task during ambient noise (control) conditions, as well as three elevated bandpass noise (experimental) conditions: 0.6\&ndash;5 kHz (115 dB re 1 \&mu;Pa) and 0.6\&ndash;10 kHz (115 and 125 dB re 1 \&mu;Pa). The acoustic parameters of the dolphins\&rsquo; response whistles and victory squeals, such as duration, frequency, amplitude, and response latency, were analyzed and compared between control and noise conditions. These data provide a complement to field studies of odontocete noise-induced vocal modifications in the wild.</p>
},
	issn = {0001-4966},
	doi = {10.1121/1.5067724},
	url = {http://asa.scitation.org/doi/10.1121/1.5067724},
	author = {Zapetis, Maria and Mulsow, Jason and Schlundt, Carolyn E. and Finneran, James J. and Lyn, Heidi}
}
