02122nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245007300055210006900128260001600197300001000213490000700223520144400230653001701674653002601691653001501717653002201732653002201754100001701776700001801793700002701811856005401838 2020 eng d a0046-507000aSix steps towards operationalising freshwater ecoacoustic monitoring0 aSix steps towards operationalising freshwater ecoacoustic monito cFeb-01-2021 a1 - 60 v653 a

1. Applications in bioacoustics and its sister discipline ecoacoustics have increased exponentially over the last decade. However, despite knowledge about aquatic bioacoustics dating back to the times of Aristotle and a vast amount of background literature to draw upon, freshwater applications of ecoacoustics have been lagging to date.

2.In this special issue, we present nine studies that deal with underwater acoustics, plus three acoustic studies on water‐dependent birds and frogs. Topics include automatic detection of freshwater organisms by their calls, quantifying habitat change by analysing entire soundscapes, and detecting change in behaviour when organisms are exposed to noise.

3.We identify six major challenges and review progress through this special issue. Challenges include characterisation of sounds, accessibility of archived sounds as well as improving automated analysis methods. Study design considerations include characterisation analysis challenges of spatial and temporal variation. The final key challenge is the so far largely understudied link between ecological condition and underwater sound.

4.We hope that this special issue will raise awareness about underwater soundscapes as a survey tool. With a diverse array of field and analysis tools, this issue can act as a manual for future monitoring applications that will hopefully foster further advances in the field.

10aecoacoustics10aEcological Monitoring10afreshwater10apassive acoustics10aunderwater sounds1 aLinke, Simon1 aGifford, Toby1 aDesjonquères, Camille uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/13652427/65/102157nas a2200289 4500008004100000245007400041210006900115260001200184520132500196653002401521653001101545653001501556653002301571653001501594653002001609100001701629700001801646700002701664700001901691700001901710700001801729700002601747700002201773700001701795700001801812856003701830 2018 eng d00aFreshwater ecoacoustics as a tool for continuous ecosystem monitoring0 aFreshwater ecoacoustics as a tool for continuous ecosystem monit c03/20183 a

Abstract
Passive acoustic monitoring is gaining popularity in ecology as a practical and non‐invasive approach to surveying ecosystems. This technique is increasingly being used to monitor terrestrial systems, particularly bird populations, given that it can help to track temporal dynamics of populations and ecosystem health without the need for expensive resampling. We suggest that underwater acoustic monitoring presents a viable, non‐invasive, and largely unexplored approach to monitoring freshwater ecosystems, yielding information about three key ecological elements of aquatic environments – (1) fishes, (2) macroinvertebrates, and (3) physicochemical processes – as well as providing data on anthropogenic noise levels. We survey the literature on this approach, which is substantial but scattered across disciplines, and call for more cross‐disciplinary work on recording and analysis techniques. We also discuss technical issues and knowledge gaps, including background noise, spatiotemporal variation, and the need for centralized reference collection repositories. These challenges need to be overcome before the full potential of passive acoustics in dynamic detection of biophysical processes can be realized and used to inform conservation practitioners and managers.

10aanthropogenic noise10afishes10afreshwater10amacroinvertebrates10amonitoring10aphysicochemical1 aLinke, Simon1 aGifford, Toby1 aDesjonquères, Camille1 aTonolla, Diego1 aAubin, Thierry1 aBarclay, Leah1 aKaraconstantis, Chris1 aKennard, Mark, J.1 aRybak, Fanny1 aSueur, Jerome uhttps://doi.org/10.1002/fee.1779