01811nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001300041245011400054210006900168260001600237300001100253490000800264520100800272653003601280653003701316653001601353653001801369100002501387700002601412700001601438700002001454700001801474700002401492856004101516 2021 eng d a0025326X00aPrediction of marine mammal auditory-impact risk from Acoustic Deterrent Devices used in Scottish aquaculture0 aPrediction of marine mammal auditoryimpact risk from Acoustic De cJan-04-2021 a1121710 v1653 a

Acoustic Deterrent Devices (ADDs) are used worldwide to deter pinnipeds from predating fish-aquaculture facilities. Desk-based noise-propagation modelling of six commercial ADD models, and a ‘fictional’ ADD was performed, the latter involving alternating source level, frequency, duty cycle, noise-exposure duration, and number of ADDs active simultaneously. Potential auditory impacts on marine mammals were explored using the Southall et al. (2019) criteria. Depending on operational characteristics, real ADDs were predicted to cause Temporary Threshold Shift (TTS) to Very High Frequency (VHF) cetaceans at ranges of 4–31 km, and a single fictional device operating at the highest outputs tested was predicted to cause TTS to VHF cetaceans at up to 32 km. Cumulative effects of 23 real fish-farm ADDs produced noise across large swathes of the Inner-Hebrides. The single variable causing greatest reduction in potential impact to marine mammals from fictional ADDs was SL.

10aAcoustic deterrent device (ADD)10aAcoustic harassment device (AHD)10aaquaculture10amarine mammal1 aTodd, Victoria, L.G.1 aWilliamson, Laura, D.1 aJiang, Jian1 aCox, Sophie, E.1 aTodd, Ian, B.1 aRuffert, Maximilian uhttps://bio.acousti.ca/id/node/5841101785nas a2200217 4500008004100000245012800041210006900169520098500238653002201223653001201245653001701257653003401274653001801308653001501326653000801341653002201349653001601371100002001387700002401407856013601431 2019 eng d00aAcoustically estimated size distribution of sperm whales ( Physeter macrocephalus) off the east coast of New Zealand0 aAcoustically estimated size distribution of sperm whales iPhyset3 a

The length-frequency distribution of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) was studied on the east coast of NZ using passive acoustic recorders moored offshore of Kaikoura, Cape Palliser and Castlepoint. Sperm whale’s echolocation signals are unique among odontocete species. Their clicks are composed by multiple pulses resulting from the sound transmission within the whale head. The total length of the whales can be estimated by measuring the time delay between these pulses. A total of 997 length measurements were obtained from click trains using cepstral analysis (mean = 14.6 m; min = 9.6 m; max = 18.3 m; std = 1 m). The size-frequency distributions at all three locations were similar, although animals smaller than 12 m were not present offshore of Kaikoura. Animals of various sizes appeared to be present all year round, with no apparent seasonality in the occurrence of any size class.

10acepstral analysis10aceptrum10aecholocation10alength-frequency distribution10amarine mammal10aodontocete10aPAM10apassive acoustics10asperm whale1 aGiorli, Giacomo1 aGoetz, Kimberly, T. uhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00288330.2019.1679843https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00288330.2019.167984302317nas a2200217 4500008004100000245013200041210006900173520157600242653002001818653002401838653001301862653001801875653003001893653003201923653002101955100001901976700001901995700002602014700001802040856004102058 2018 eng d00aImplementing conservation measures for the North Atlantic right whale: considering the behavioral ontogeny of mother-calf pairs0 aImplementing conservation measures for the North Atlantic right 3 a

Understanding the behavioral ecology of a species is fundamental to effective conservation and management efforts. This study quantifies the behavioral ontogeny of North Atlantic right whale mother‐calf pairs from birth to weaning spanning three critical habitat areas off the eastern coast of the United States and Canada. Data from 55 focal follows of 34 mother‐calf pairs were collected from 2011 to 2015. Resting behaviors dominated the activity budgets for both mother and calf during the first 5 months, putting them at increased risk of vessel collisions. There was an increase in the proportion of active behaviors (travel, foraging, social activity) in both mother and calf as the calf matured. Importantly, the type of active behaviors, in particular surface skim feeding and surface active social behavior, meant that the risk of vessel collision to the pair did not decrease as the calf matured. Mother‐calf right whale pairs showed very low calling rates on the calving grounds, suggesting that passive acoustic monitoring may not be an effective mitigation tool during the early months. However, calling rates increase once the pair leave the calving areas with both calf age and activity levels increasing, at which point passive acoustic monitoring becomes valuable. Protective measures need to take these rapid developmental changes throughout calf growth into account to improve the efficacy of protection measures for the endangered North Atlantic right whale and other species where behavioral ecology changes rapidly during maturation.

10aactivity budget10abehavioral ontogeny10acallrate10amarine mammal10aNorthAtlantic right whale10apassive acoustic monitoring10avessel collision1 aCusano, D., A.1 aConger, L., A.1 aVan Parijs, Sofie, M.1 aParks, S., E. uhttps://bio.acousti.ca/id/node/53254