01404nas a2200217 4500008004100000245016900041210006900210520050100279653001300780653001400793653001100807653002300818653001300841100002800854700003000882700003200912700002300944700003100967700001700998856017101015 2018 eng d00aTwo new species of crickets Adelosgryllus Mesa & Zefa, 2004 (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Phalangopsidae) from the Araripe-Apodi National Forest, State of Ceará, Brazil0 aTwo new species of crickets Adelosgryllus Mesa Zefa 2004 Orthopt3 a

In this paper we describe two new sympatric species of phalangopsid crickets Adelosgryllus from the Araripe-Apodi Na- tional Forest, State of Ceará, Brazil, highlighting morphological characters, mainly from male genitalia, tegmina and cop- ulatory papilla. We also present a geographical map for the valid species of the genus, as well as photographs of holotypes and paratypes. The type-material is deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZUSP).

10aEnsifera10agenitalia10aInsect10aNeotropical region10ataxonomy1 aCORRÊA, ROBSON, CREPES1 aPEREIRA, MARCELO, RIBEIRO1 aDA COSTA, MARIA, KÁTIA MAT1 aSZINWELSKI, NEUCIR1 aMARTINS, LUCIANO, DE PINHO1 aZefa, Edison uhttps://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/issue/view/zootaxa.4420.1https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4420.1.5https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/viewFile/38768/3312201647nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245017400055210006900229260001600298300000800314490000900322520073900331653001301070653001401083653001201097653002001109653001301129100001701142700002801159700002401187700003101211700003601242856011501278 2018 eng d a1175-532600aThe Tree Cricket Neoxabea brevipes Rehn, 1913 (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Oecanthinae) from the Brazilian southern Atlantic Forest: morphology, bioacoustics and cytogenetics0 aTree Cricket Neoxabea brevipes Rehn 1913 Orthoptera Gryllidae Oe cFeb-12-2019 a5540 v45313 a

In this paper we improve the morphological description of the tree cricket Neoxabea brevipes Rehn, 1913 and a new oc- currence record for the species at the São Francisco de Paula National Forest Conservation Unit, State of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. Morphological characterization is provided together with illustrations emphasizing the most signif- icant diagnostic features, such as the metanotal gland, abdominal specializations and phallic sclerites. The calling song was field recorded, comprising a continuous trill with dominant frequency of 3.6 kHz (19.7°C). The karyotype was de- scribed for the first time to Neoxabea Kirby, 1906, including diploid number of 2n=26, with two sexual chromosomes.

10aEnsifera10agenitalia10aInsecta10ametanotal gland10ataxonomy1 aZefa, Edison1 aAcosta, Riuler, Corrêa1 aTIMM, VITOR, FALCHI1 aMARINHO, MARCO, ANTONIO TO1 aDa Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti uhttps://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/issue/view/zootaxa.4531.4https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4531.4.602689nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001300041245010200054210006900156260001600225520202600241653002702267653002502294653001302319653002102332653002502353100002802378700002302406856006602429 2017 eng d a0378595500aThe heterospecific calling song can improve conspecific signal detection in a bushcricket species0 aheterospecific calling song can improve conspecific signal detec cJan-09-20173 a

In forest clearings of the Malaysian rainforest, chirping and trilling Mecopoda species often live in sympatry. We investigated whether a phenomenon known as stochastic resonance (SR) improved the ability of individuals to detect a low-frequent signal component typical of chirps when members of the heterospecific trilling species were simultaneously active. This phenomenon may explain the fact that the chirping species upholds entrainment to the conspecific song in the presence of the trill. Therefore, we evaluated the response probability of an ascending auditory neuron (TN-1) in individuals of the chirping Mecopoda species to triple-pulsed 2, 8 and 20 kHz signals that were broadcast 1 dB below the hearing threshold while increasing the intensity of either white noise or a typical triller song.

Our results demonstrate the existence of SR over a rather broad range of signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of input signals when periodic 2 kHz and 20 kHz signals were presented at the same time as white noise. Using the chirp-specific 2 kHz signal as a stimulus, the maximum TN-1 response probability frequently exceeded the 50% threshold if the trill was broadcast simultaneously. Playback of an 8 kHz signal, a common frequency band component of the trill, yielded a similar result. Nevertheless, using the trill as a masker, the signal-related TN-1 spiking probability was rather variable. The variability on an individual level resulted from correlations between the phase relationship of the signal and syllables of the trill. For the first time, these results demonstrate the existence of SR in acoustically-communicating insects and suggest that the calling song of heterospecifics may facilitate the detection of a subthreshold signal component in certain situations. The results of the simulation of sound propagation in a computer model suggest a wide range of sender-receiver distances in which the triller can help to improve the detection of subthreshold signals in the chirping species.

10aacoustic communication10aauditory interneuron10aEnsifera10asignal detection10astochastic resonance1 aAbdelatti, Zainab, A.S.1 aHartbauer, Manfred uhttp://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S037859551730211301372nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245011700055210006900172260001600241300000800257490000900265520062200274653001700896653001700913653001200930653001300942653001500955653001600970100002400986700001701010856011501027 2017 eng d a1175-532600aAnurogryllus Saussure, 1877 (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae) from southern Brazil: new species and new records0 aAnurogryllus Saussure 1877 Orthoptera Gryllidae Gryllinae from s cOct-07-2017 a5590 v42903 a

The aim of this work was to extend the taxonomic knowledge of the species of Anurogryllus Saussure, 1877 that occurs in the southern municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. We found three different species, Anurogryllus tapes sp. nov. collected in municipalities of Canguçu and Capão do Leão, Anurogryllus patos sp. nov. from Capão do Leão and Anurogryllus toledopizai (de Mello, 1988) recorded from Canguçu, Capão do Leão e São Lourenço do Sul. Here we present the descriptions of morphology, male genitalia and calling songs.

10abioacoustics10acalling song10acricket10aEnsifera10aOrthoptera10aPampa biome1 aRedü, Darlan, Rutz1 aZefa, Edison uhttps://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/issue/view/zootaxa.4290.3https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4290.3.901704nas a2200301 4500008004100000022001400041245016100055210006900216260001600285300000800301490000900309520068900318653001701007653001301024653001201037653002001049653001301069100002701082700002801109700003601137700002901173700003501202700002401237700003401261700003301295700001701328856005701345 2015 eng d a1175-532600aA new species of tree crickets Oecanthus (Orthoptera, Gryllidae, Oecanthinae) in tobacco plantation from Southern Brazil, with body color variation0 anew species of tree crickets emOecanthusem Orthoptera Gryllidae  cMar-09-2016 a2660 v40183 a

We provide herein a description of a new species of Oecanthus collected from the tobacco plantation in southern Brazil, municipality of São Lourenço do Sul, State of Rio Grande do Sul. Description focused metanotal gland features, phallic sclerites, and calling song. A large sampling of individuals was distributed into four groups according to body and appendages color and dotted. We also rank all kind of marks present in the scape and pedicel. We compare linear morphometric variables of the metanotal glands and tegmina, as well as calling song parameters between groups in order do define all of them as the same species. Photographs and measurements are provided.

10abioacoustics10aEnsifera10ainsects10ametanotal gland10ataxonomy1 aMachado, Milach, Elisa1 aMartins, Luciano, de P.1 aDa Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti1 aGottschalk, Marco, Silva1 ade Oliveira, Gabriel, Lobregat1 aRedü, Darlan, Rutz1 aNeytzling, Alexandre, Schneid1 aVasconcellos, Lucas, Avezedo1 aZefa, Edison uhttp://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/issue/view/zootaxa.4018.202447nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001300041245010900054210006900163260001600232300001200248490000800260520173000268653002201998653001302020653001702033653002202050653002002072653003002092100002202122700002702144856004602171 2008 eng d a0021996700aNeuroanatomy of the complex tibial organ of Stenopelmatus (Orthoptera: Ensifera: Stenopelmatidae)0 aNeuroanatomy of the complex tibial organ of iStenopelmatusi Orth cJan-11-2008 a81 - 910 v5113 a

Stenopelmatidae (or “Jerusalem crickets”) belong to the atympanate Ensifera, lacking hearing organs in the foreleg tibiae. Their phylogenetic position is controversial, either as a taxon in Tettigonioidea or within the clade of Gryllacridoidea. Similarly, the origin of tibial auditory systems in Ensifera is controversial. Therefore, we investigated the neuronal structures of the proximal tibiae of Stenopelmatus spec. with the hypothesis that internal sensory structures are similar to those in tympanate Ensifera. In Stenopelmatus the complex tibial organ consists of three neuronal parts: the subgenual organ, the intermediate organ, and a third part with linearly arranged neurons. This tripartite organization is also found in tympanate Ensifera, verifying our hypothesis. The third part of the sense organ found in Stenopelmatus can be regarded by the criterion of position as homologous to auditory receptors of hearing Tettigonioidea. This crista acustica homolog is found serially in all thoracic leg pairs and contains 20 ± 2 chordotonal neurons in the foreleg. The tibial organ was shown to be responsive to vibration, with a broad threshold of about 0.06 ms−2 in a frequency range from 100–600 Hz. The central projection of tibial sensory neurons terminates into two equally sized lobes in the primary sensory neuropil, the medial ventral association center. The data are discussed comparatively to those of other Ensifera and mapped phylogenetically onto recently proposed phylogenies for Ensifera. The crista acustica homolog could represent a neuronal rudiment of a secondarily reduced ear, but neuronal features are also consistent with an evolutionary preadaptation.

10achordotonal organ10aEnsifera10aneuroanatomy10asensory evolution10aStenopelmatidae10avibrational communication1 aStrauß, Johannes1 aLakes-Harlan, Reinhard uhttp://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/cne.v511%3A102840nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245020100055210006900256260001600325300001400341490000700355520200100362653002102363653002002384653001302404653001902417653001802436653001702454653003002471100002202501700002702523856004802550 2008 eng d a0006-897700aNeuroanatomy and Physiology of the Complex Tibial Organ of an Atympanate Ensiferan, Ametrus tibialis (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1888) (Gryllacrididae, Orthoptera) and Evolutionary Implications0 aNeuroanatomy and Physiology of the Complex Tibial Organ of an At cJan-01-2008 a167 - 1800 v713 a

We investigated the neuroanatomy and physiology of the complex tibial organ of an atympanate ensiferan, the Gryllacridid Ametrus tibialis. This represents the first analysis of internal mechanoceptors in Gryllacridids. The complex tibial organ is tripartite consisting of a subgenual organ, intermediate organ and a homologue organ to the crista acustica of tympanate ensiferan taxa of Tettigoniidae, Haglidae, and Anostostomatidae. The crista homologue contains 23 ± 2 receptor neurons in the foreleg. It is associated with the leg trachea and found serially in all three thoracic leg pairs. Central projections of the sensory nerve of the complex tibial organ bifurcate in two lobes in the prothoracic ganglion, which do not reach the midline. The axonal endings project into the mVAC, the main vibratory-auditory neuropile of Ensifera. Recordings of the tibial nerve show that the tibial organ is sensitive to vibrational stimuli with a minimum threshold of 0.02 to 0.05 ms–2 at 200–500 Hz, but rather insensitive to airborne sound. The main function of the tibial organ is therefore vibration sensing, although the specific function of the crista homologue remains unclear. The presence of the crista acustica homologue is interpreted in phylogenetic context. Because ensiferan phylogeny is unresolved, two alternative scenarios can be deduced: (a) the crista homologue is a precursor structure which was co-opted as an auditory system and represent a morphologically highly specialized structure before acquisition of its new function; (b) a previously functional tibial ear is evolutionary reduced but the neuronal structures are maintained. Based on comparison of neuroanatomical details, the crista acustica homologue of A. tibialis could present the neuronal complement of an ear evolutionary precursor structure, which was successively made sensitive to airborne sound by elaboration of cuticular tympana, auditory spiracle and trachea for sound propagation.

10aAmetrus tibialis10aauditory system10aEnsifera10aGryllacrididae10ahearing organ10aneuroanatomy10avibrational communication1 aStrauß, Johannes1 aLakes-Harlan, Reinhard uhttp://www.karger.com/doi/10.1159/000114405