02251nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245008300055210006900138260001600207300001300223490000700236520150500243100002201748700002601770700002001796700001901816700001901835700002201854700001801876700001901894700003101913856006501944       2017                        eng d  a1314-694700aGuidelines for the monitoring of Osmoderma eremita and closely related species0 aGuidelines for the monitoring of Osmoderma eremita and closely r  cApr-08-2019  a79 - 1280 v203 a<p>Osmoderma eremita (Scopoli, 1763) is a saproxylic scarab beetle protected by the Habitats Directive in the European Union. The present paper is part of a special issue on monitoring of saproxylic beetles protected in Europe and starts with a revision of the current knowledge on systematics, ecology, ethology and conservation of O. eremita and its allied species, followed by experimental tests of different methods for monitoring its populations. Two methods were compared in several localities of central Italy: (1) the widely used pitfall traps into tree cavities and (2) black cross windows traps baited with a specific pheromone produced by male beetles. The first method, often used in northern and central Europe, did not give acceptable results in Italy probably because of the scarcity of veteran trees with large hollows. It could only be used successfully in areas where: 1) tree hollows were abundant, large enough and with sufficient amounts of wood mould for planting pitfall traps and 2) the team is composed of several operators in order to ensure the checking of at least 150 traps every two days during the whole period of mating activities (15 July&ndash;25 August). The second method, consisting of hanging 30 black cross window traps during the mating period and checking them every two days, turned out to be better for capturing a significant number of individuals but cannot be used every year because of the possible disturbance on mating activities of the species.</p>
1 aMaurizi, Emanuela1 aCampanaro, Alessandro1 aChiari, Stefano1 aMaura, Michela1 aMosconi, Fabio1 aSabatelli, Simone1 aZauli, Agnese1 aAudisio, Paolo1 aCarpaneto, Giuseppe, Maria  uhttps://natureconservation.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=12658