02500nas a2200193   4500008004100000245008100041210006900122260001600191300001400207490000800221520188400229100001802113700002102131700002202152700002902174700002802203700002002231856005502251       2017                        eng d00aBottlenose dolphins that forage with artisanal fishermen whistle differently0 aBottlenose dolphins that forage with artisanal fishermen whistle  cJan-12-2017  a906 - 9150 v1233 a<p>Acoustic communication is a taxonomically widespread phenomenon, crucial for social animals. We evaluate social sounds from bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) of Laguna, southern Brazil, whose social structure is organized around a cooperative foraging tactic with artisanal fishermen. This tactic involves stereotyped and coordinated behaviour by dolphins and fishermen and is performed by a subset of the dolphin population, splitting it into two distinct social communities. We compared the acoustic parameters and type of whistles emitted by dolphins of the &ldquo;non-cooperative&rdquo; and &ldquo;cooperative&rdquo; communities, both during their interactions with fishermen and in times where dolphins were engaged in other types of foraging. Our findings show how dolphins&rsquo; social sounds differ between foraging tactics and social communities. The frequencies of six whistle types (ascending, descending, concave, convex, multiple, flat) were significantly dependent on tactics and communities. Ascending whistles were more common than expected during foraging without fishermen, and among dolphins of the non-cooperative community. Whistle acoustic parameters (duration, number of inclination changes and inflection points, and initial, final, maximum, minimum frequencies) also varied between social communities. In general, whistles emitted by cooperative dolphins, mainly when not interacting with fishermen, tended to be shorter, had higher frequency and more inflections than those emitted by non-cooperative dolphins. These results suggest that different whistles may convey specific information among dolphins related to foraging, which we hypothesize promote social cohesion among members of the same social community. These differences in acoustic repertoires add a new dimension of complexity to this unique human&ndash;animal interaction.</p>
1 aRomeu, Bianca1 aCantor, Mauricio1 aBezamat, Carolina1 aSimões-Lopes, Paulo, C.1 aDaura-Jorge, Fábio, G.1 aEbensperger, L.  uhttp://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/eth.2017.123.issue-12