01961nas a2200169   4500008004100000022001400041245016700055210006900222260001600291300001600307490000800323520134900331100001601680700002501696700001901721856005101740       2018                        eng d  a0001-496600aDiving behavior of Cuvier's beaked whales inferred from three-dimensional acoustic localization and tracking using a nested array of drifting hydrophone recorders0 aDiving behavior of Cuviers beaked whales inferred from threedime  cJan-10-2018  a2030 - 20410 v1443 a<p>Echolocation pulses from Cuvier&#39;s beaked whales are used to track the whales&#39; three-dimensional diving behavior in the Catalina Basin, California. In 2016, five 2-element vertical hydrophone arrays were suspended from the surface and drifted at &sim;100-m depth. Cuvier&#39;s beaked whale pulses were identified, and vertical detection angles were estimated from time-differences-of-arrival of either direct-path signals received on two hydrophones or direct-path and surface-reflected signals received on the same hydrophone. A Bayesian state-space model is developed to track the diving behavior. The model is fit to these detection angle estimates from at least four of the drifting vertical arrays. Results show that the beaked whales were producing echolocation pulses and are presumed to be foraging at a mean depth of 967&thinsp;m (standard deviation = 112&thinsp;m), approximately 300&thinsp;m above the bottom in this basin. Some whales spent at least some time at or near the bottom. Average swim speed was 1.2&thinsp;m s&minus;1, but swim direction varied during a dive. The average net horizontal speed was 0.6&thinsp;m s&minus;1. Results are similar to those obtained from previous tagging studies of this species. These methods may allow expansion of dive studies to other whale species that are difficult to tag.</p>
1 aBarlow, Jay1 aGriffiths, Emily, T.1 aKlinck, Holger  uhttp://asa.scitation.org/doi/10.1121/1.505521602101nas a2200265   4500008004100000245012000041210006900161260001600230520128800246653001401534653001701548653001901565653001501584653001301599653002401612653001301636100002001649700002201669700002601691700002201717700002001739700001701759700001601776856004301792       2016                        eng d00aAcoustic classification of dolphins in the California Current using whistles, echolocation clicks, and burst pulses0 aAcoustic classification of dolphins in the California Current us  cJan-12-20163 a<p>Passive acoustic monitoring of dolphins is limited by our ability to classify calls to species. Significant overlap in call characteristics among many species, combined with a wide range of call types and acoustic behavior, makes classification of calls to species challenging. Here, we introduce BANTER, a compound acoustic classification method for dolphins that utilizes information from all call types produced by dolphins rather than a single call type, as has been typical for acoustic classifiers. Output from the passive acoustic monitoring software, PAMGuard, was used to create independent classifiers for whistles, echolocation clicks, and burst pulses, which were then merged into a final, compound classifier for each species. Classifiers for five species found in the California Current ecosystem were trained and tested using 153 single-species acoustic events recorded during a 4.5 mo combined visual and acoustic shipboard cetacean survey off the west coast of the United States. Correct classification scores for individual species ranged from 71% to 92%, with an overall correct classification score of 84% for all five species. The conceptual framework of this approach easily lends itself to other species and study areas as well as to noncetacean taxa.</p>
10aacoustics10aburst pulses10aclassification10adelphinids10adolphins10aecholocation clicks10awhistles1 aRankin, Shannon1 aArcher, Frederick1 aKeating, Jennifer, L.1 aOswald, Julie, N.1 aOswald, Michael1 aCurtis, Alex1 aBarlow, Jay  uhttp://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/mms.12381