02802nas a2200217 4500008004100000245008000041210007100121520213700192653002102329653001702350653001602367653001802383653002002401653002302421100002902444700001802473700002002491700001402511700001802525856004102543 2022 eng d00aSpatial dynamics of soundscapes and biodiversity in a semi‐arid landscape0 aSpatial dynamics of soundscapes and biodiversity in a semi‐arid 3 a

Context
Semi-arid landscapes are naturally hetero- geneous with several factors influencing this varia- tion. Fauna responses and adaptations vary in xeric environments, and the scale of observation is impor- tant. Biodiversity monitoring at several scales can be challenging, and acoustics are an alternative to this issue.

Objectives
We investigated how audible biodiver- sity is influenced by environmental factors (e.g.: veg- etation metrics, climatic variables, etc.) across a fine spatial scale, aiming to provide a better understand- ing of the variation in audible species across record- ing locations placed close together. These results will improve the current knowledge on ecoacoustics as a tool for measuring ecological processes in this biome, and better inform conservation plans.

Methods
We collected data in the semi-arid region in Queensland, Australia placing 24 recorders 200 m apart for 48 h. We also sampled environmental attributes (e.g.: temperature and vegetation structure metrics) and used acoustic indices in a time-series algorithm to categorise sound into classes. Bird spe- cies and feeding guilds were also identified.

Results We found significant differences between proximate sensors, demonstrating that soundscape differences occur across fine spatial scales. Birds and insects were the predominant biophonic sound observed and both groups were associated with shrub cover and subcanopy height. Environments with higher shrub and subcanopy cover had a higher per- centage of all birds’ feeding guilds and insects. Sixty- three bird species were identified, including a threat- ened bird species in Queensland.

Conclusion
We show biodiversity is influenced by vegetation heterogeneity across fine spatial scales in semi-arid regions, identifying which attributes sus- tain higher levels of biodiversity activity. Our study reveals the practicality of acoustic surveys for this biodiversity monitoring by covering a large area in 48 h. However, we caution that scale is an important consideration when designing surveys.

10aacoustic indices10abiodiversity10aShrub cover10aSpatial scale10aSubcanopy cover10aVegetation mosaics1 aScarpelli, Marina, D. A.1 aTucker, David1 aDoohan, Brendan1 aRoe, Paul1 aFuller, Susan uhttps://bio.acousti.ca/nl/node/5846802350nas a2200217 4500008004100000245008700041210006900128520165900197653001701856653001701873653001401890653001001904653001101914653001001925100002901935700002701964700002701991700002202018700002502040856006702065 2019 eng d00aGaps in terrestrial soundscape research: it’s time to focus on tropical wildlife0 aGaps in terrestrial soundscape research it s time to focus on tr3 a

There has been a body of research examining the sounds produced in landscapes. These sounds are commonly defined as soundscapes, however, the term is often used in different contexts. To understand how the various meanings attributed to soundscapes, we identified how soundscapes are represented in the scientific literature and identified current knowledge gaps in soundscape research focusing on terrestrial environments. We conducted a quantitative review of published papers with the keyword soundscape available at Web of Science and Scopus databases. A total of 1,309 abstracts and a subset of about 5% (N=68) complete papers and reviews published from 1985 to 2017 were read and analysed, identifying types of sound, types of environment and focal species studied, as well as study regions and climates. By identifying the current focus of research, we also identified gaps and research opportunities. Research was biased towards temperate regions, terrestrial environments, and the impacts on humans in urban areas. Although most of the world’s biodiversity is concentrated in tropical wilderness areas, these regions had fewer studies attributed to them. Given the importance of tropical landscapes for biodiversity conservation, we strongly suggest that more research should be undertaken in the tropics, with a particular focus on wildlife in these regions. Furthermore, soundscape research (methods and tools) should increasingly target the anthropogenic impacts on wildlife, including behavioural and physiological changes, alongside the current focus on human-sound interactions and the approach used by bioacoustics methods.

10abioacoustics10agap analysis10alandscape10aNoise10areview10asound1 aScarpelli, Marina, D. A.1 aRibeiro, Milton, Cezar1 aTeixeira, Fernanda, Z.1 aYoung, Robert, J.1 aTeixeira, Camila, P. uhttps://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S004896971935396301902nas a2200157 4500008004100000245006400041210006400105520136900169100002601538700002501564700002901589700002601618700002201644700002701666856005101693 2019 eng d00aEffects of mining truck traffic on cricket calling activity0 aEffects of mining truck traffic on cricket calling activity3 a

Anthropogenic noise is a global pollutant and several studies have identified its impact on wildlife. This research shows how the noise produced by mining affects crickets’ acoustic communication. Two passive acoustic monitoring devices (SMII) were installed in a forest fragment located at 500 m from the Brucutu Mine in Brazil. Another two SMII were installed distant 2500 from the mine. The equipment was configured to record from 17:00 to 05:00 h during seven days in April 2013. The authors analyzed the spectral characteristics of acoustic activity of three species of crickets (Anaxipha sp., Gryllus sp., and a Podoscirtinae species) before, during, and after the passing of mine trucks. For comparison the authors analyzed the acoustic characteristics for Anaxipha sp. and Gryllus sp. found in the distant site. Results showed a calling interruption for all the species during truck transit. Gryllus sp. emitted calls with higher maximum frequencies, average power, and larger bandwidth in the site close to the mine. Podoscirtinae species emitted calls with lower minimum frequencies, higher average power, and large bandwidth in the close site. The authors show that insect acoustic behavior varies between areas with different levels of noise. The disruption of this behavior may have negative consequences for their reproductive success.

1 aDuarte, Marina, H. L.1 aCaliari, Ernesto, P.1 aScarpelli, Marina, D. A.1 aLobregat, Gabriel, O.1 aYoung, Robert, J.1 aSousa-lima, Renata, S. uhttp://asa.scitation.org/doi/10.1121/1.511912502430nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245012500055210006900180260001600249520154900265653002401814653001101838653001401849653001901863653002501882653003101907100002601938700002401964700002901988700002802017700002702045700001802072700001902090856005502109 2018 eng d a0289-077100aEffects of hydroelectric turbine noise on the behaviour of Leporinus taeniatus (Characiformes: Anostomidae) in captivity0 aEffects of hydroelectric turbine noise on the behaviour of Lepor cOct-11-20193 a

Hydroelectric power plants (HPP) constitute one of the main forms of energy generation in the world, and its operation produces underwater noise through generators and turbines, which can potentially impact the aquatic fauna. Anthropogenic noise is a stressful factor and can affect behaviour, physiology and acoustic communication of many animal species. However, the noise impact produced by HPP on fishes has not been studied yet. In this research we investigated the noise impact of hydroelectric turbines on the behaviour of Leporinus taeniatus held captive in Brazil. We tested the hypothesis that noise could disturb fishes’ behaviour by affecting school organization, fish position in the tank and the speed of swimming. Two groups of 10 individuals were exposed to 30 sessions of noise played at an intensity of 100 dB re 1 µPa, during 40 s on days 0, 7 and 14. Behavioural data were obtained before, during, and after noise exposure. Results showed that the fish swam significantly faster, moving to the bottom and swimming in depolarised shoals during noise exposure in both groups. Temporal analysis showed that during noise exposure fish swam faster, were less stationary and used the bottom of the tanks more throughout sampling period. These data provide evidence that fish behaviour can be affected by the aversive stimulus of the noise of a hydroelectric turbine in operation. It also suggests that sound pollution issues should be taken into consideration when regulating the use of natural areas for HPP.

10aanthropogenic noise10aBrazil10aCharacins10aFish behaviour10aHydroelectric impact10aSão Francisco River basin1 aDuarte, Marina, H. L.1 aMelo, Rafael, M. C.1 aScarpelli, Marina, D. A.1 aCarvalho, Thiago, M. A.1 aPadovese, Linilson, R.1 aBazzoli, Nilo1 aRizzo, Elizete uhttp://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10164-018-0568-6