02018nas a2200181   4500008004100000245011300041210006900154520139100223653000801614653001801622653003201640653002501672653000801697100002501705700002501730700002501755856005601780       2019                        eng d00aThe effect of biological and anthropogenic sound on the auditory sensitivity of oyster toadfish, Opsanus tau0 aeffect of biological and anthropogenic sound on the auditory sen3 a<p>Many aquatic organisms use vocalizations for reproductive behavior; therefore, disruption of their soundscape could adversely affect their life history. Male oyster toadfish (Opsanus tau) establish nests in shallow waters during spring and attract female fish with boatwhistle vocalizations. Males exhibit high nest fidelity, making them susceptible to anthropogenic sound in coastal waters, which could mask their vocalizations and/or reduce auditory sensitivity levels. Additionally, the effect of self-generated boatwhistles on toadfish auditory sensitivity has yet to be addressed. To investigate the effect of sound exposure on toadfish auditory sensitivity, sound pressure and particle acceleration sensitivity curves were determined using auditory evoked potentials before and after (0-, 1-, 3-, 6- and 9-day) exposure to 1- or 12-h of continuous playbacks to ship engine sound or conspecific vocalization. Exposure to boatwhistles had no effect on auditory sensitivity. However, exposure to anthropogenic sound caused significant decreases in auditory sensitivity for at least 3 days, with shifts up to 8 dB SPL and 20 dB SPL immediately following 1- and 12-h anthropogenic exposure, respectively. Understanding the effect of self-generated and anthropogenic sound exposure on auditory sensitivity provides an insight into how soundscapes affect acoustic communication.</p>
10aAEP10aanthropogenic10aParticle acceleration level10aSound Pressure Level10aTTS1 aRogers, Loranzie, S.1 aPutland, Rosalyn, L.1 aMensinger, Allen, F.  uhttp://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00359-019-01381-x02270nas a2200169   4500008004100000245005500041210005500096520175100151653001801902653002401920653001501944653001001959653002101969100001801990700002502008856006702033       2019                        eng d00aExploring the soundscape of small freshwater lakes0 aExploring the soundscape of small freshwater lakes3 a<p>Monitoring freshwater ecosystems using passive acoustics is a largely unexplored approach, despite having the potential to yield information about the biological, geological and anthropogenic activity of a lake or river system. The state of Minnesota, located in the upper Midwest of the USA and nicknamed &lsquo;land of 10,000 lakes&rsquo;, provides an interesting case study for soundscape research, because lakes offer ecological, recreational and economic value throughout the area. The underwater soundscape was monitored at fifteen small lakes &lt;10 km2 on representative days in winter (during 100% ice cover) and summer 2018 using a hydrophone suspended 2 m below the water&#39;s surface. Median broadband sound pressure level (100&ndash;12,000 Hz) was significantly lower in winter (57.2 dB re 1&mu;Pa) compared to summer (66.7 dB re 1&mu;Pa), possibly because low frequency wind sounds were reduced in winter. Recordings suggest small freshwater lakes in Minnesota have a relatively pristine soundscape, where vocalizing aquatic animals may hold acoustic niches. However, sound from anthropogenic activity was also present in the study lakes. Ice auger and motorboat sound increased the intensity of the soundscape by 10 dB and overlapped the frequency range (300&ndash;1000 Hz) of biological sounds in the environment, that may be important to aquatic life. Understanding current baseline sound levels in ecologically significant freshwater lakes, like those in this study, is the first step in determining any potential consequences of anthropogenic sound. Moving forward, baseline sound levels provide vital evidence for scientists and governing bodies to make proactive decisions for soundscape conservation.</p>
10aAmbient sound10aanthropogenic noise10afreshwater10aLakes10aunderwater sound1 aPutland, R.L.1 aMensinger, Allen, F.  uhttps://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1574954119303292