01367nas a2200181   4500008004100000022001400041245014200055210006900197260001600266300001800282490000800300520075400308100001801062700001701080700001801097700001901115856005101134       2017                        eng d  a0001-496600aThree-dimensional sonar beam-width expansion by Japanese house bats ( <i>Pipistrellus abramus</i>               ) during natural foraging0 aThreedimensional sonar beamwidth expansion by Japanese house bat  cJan-05-2017  aEL439 - EL4440 v1413 a<p>Three-dimensional directivity patterns of sonar sounds emitted by Japanese house bats (Pipistrellus abramus) during natural foraging were measured by a 44-channel microphone array. Just before prey capture, the terminal frequency (TF) of emitted sounds decreased, and the beam width (mean&thinsp;&plusmn;&thinsp;standard deviation) expanded from 40&thinsp;&plusmn;&thinsp;10&deg; to 63&thinsp;&plusmn;&thinsp;9&deg; (horizontal) and from 32&thinsp;&plusmn;&thinsp;10&deg; to 52&thinsp;&plusmn;&thinsp;7&deg; (vertical). P. abramus decrease the TF to simultaneously expand the beam width in both the horizontal and vertical planes, while retaining the target within the three-dimensional acoustic field of view at the final stage of capture.</p>
1 aMotoi, Kazuya1 aSumiya, Miwa1 aFujioka, Emyo1 aHiryu, Shizuko  uhttp://asa.scitation.org/doi/10.1121/1.4981934