01564nas a2200193   4500008004100000245005200041210005200093520101400145653001901159653000901178653001701187653002301204653002301227653001301250100001401263700001301277700001401290856006601304       2019                        eng d00aSensory gaze stabilization in echolocating bats0 aSensory gaze stabilization in echolocating bats3 a<p>Sensing from a moving platform is challenging for both man-made machines and animals. Animals&#39; heads jitter during movement, so if the sensors they carry are not stabilized, any spatial estimation might be biased. Flying animals, like bats, seriously suffer from this problem because flapping flight induces rapid changes in acceleration which moves the body up and down. For echolocating bats, the problem is crucial. Because they emit a sound to sense the world, an unstable head means sound energy pointed in the wrong direction. It is unknown how bats mitigate this problem. By tracking the head and body of flying fruit bats, we show that they stabilize their heads, accurately maintaining a fixed acoustic-gaze relative to a target. Bats can solve the stabilization task even in complete darkness using only echo-based information. Moreover, the bats point their echolocation beam below the target and not towards it, a strategy that should result in better estimations of target elevation.</p>
10aactive sensing10abats10aecholocation10agaze stabilization10asensory perception10atracking1 aEitan, O.1 aKosa, G.1 aYovel, Y.  uhttps://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2019.1496