02584nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245011900055210006900174260001600243520178700259653001802046653001602064653001302080653002602093653001402119653002202133653002702155653001902182653001502201653001602216100002202232700002002254856005602274 2019 eng d a0921-297300aThe quantitative relation between ambient soundscapes and landscape development intensity in North Central Florida0 aquantitative relation between ambient soundscapes and landscape  cNov-11-20203 a

Context

It is widely accepted that wildlife is subjected to detrimental human noise within urban landscapes but little is known about how the intensity of land use changes soundscapes.

Objectives

The objective of this research was to produce quantitative associations between characteristics of ambient soundscapes and land use intensity. These relations were used to examine the 2 kHz demarcation between anthrophony and biophony and compare the impact of different sized contributing areas on ambient soundscape characteristics.

Methods

This study related the surrounding land use intensity of 67 sites in north central Florida (USA) to several metrics describing their recorded soundscapes. Land use intensity was measured remotely at three scales using the landscape development intensity index (LDI).

Results

The analysis revealed that the LDI index had a statistically significant effect on soundscape characteristics after controlling for important factors such as climate, season, and attenuation due to hard ground. The trends between LDI and soundscape confirmed that human generated sounds are loud, continuous, and occupy low frequencies. The evenness of the sound distribution decreased with landscape intensity and LDI correlated significantly with sound below 3 kHz. Land use intensity within a 100 and 500-m radius contributing area were most closely related to soundscape metrics.

Conclusions

LDI is a tool with the potential to predict the extent and intensity of anthropogenic noise disturbance on wildlife from remote sensing data. The utility of this tool allows for widespread application to identify and mitigate conflicts in the acoustic realm between human noise and wildlife.

10aAmbient sound10aAnthrophony10abiophony10aDevelopment intensity10aLDI index10aNoise disturbance10aPower spectral density10aRemote sensing10aSoundscape10aTechnophony1 aDooley, Jenet, M.1 aBrown, Mark, T. uhttp://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10980-019-00936-202697nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245010900055210006900164260001600233520187100249653002502120653001602145653001902161653002002180653001502200653001302215100001902228700002802247700002202275700001602297700001702313700002002330700002602350856005502376 2018 eng d a0921-297300aSoundscapes reveal disturbance impacts: biophonic response to wildfire in the Sonoran Desert Sky Islands0 aSoundscapes reveal disturbance impacts biophonic response to wil cOct-07-20183 a

Context
While remote sensing imagery is effective for quantifying land cover changes across large areas, its utility for directly assessing the response of animals to disturbance is limited. Soundscapes approaches— the recording and analysis of sounds in a landscape— could address this shortcoming.

Objectives
In 2011, a massive wildfire named ‘‘the Horseshoe 2 Burn’’ occurred in the Chiricahua National Monument, Arizona, USA. We evaluated the impact of this wildfire on acoustic activity of animal communities.

Methods
In 2013, soundscape recordings were col- lected over 9 months in 12 burned and 12 non-burned sites in four ecological systems. The seasonal and diel biological acoustic activity were described using the ‘‘Bioacoustic Index’’, a detailed aural analysis of sound sources, and a new tool called ‘‘Sonic Time- lapse Builder’’ (STLB).


Results
Seasonal biophony phenology showed a diurnal peak in June and a nocturnal peak in October in all ecological systems. On June mornings, acoustic activity was lower at burned than at non-burned sites in three of four ecological systems, due to a decreased abundance of cicadas directly impacted by the death of trees. Aural analyses revealed that 55% of recordings from non-burned sites contained insect sounds com- pared to 18% from burned sites. On October nights, orthopteran activity was more prevalent at some burned sites, possibly due to post-fire emergence of herbaceous.

Conclusions
Soundscape approaches can help address long-term conservation issues involving the responses of animal communities to wildfire. Acoustic methods can serve as a valuable complement to remote sensing for disturbance-based landscape management.

10aConservation biology10adisturbance10aRemote sensing10aSonic timelapse10aSoundscape10aWildfire1 aGasc, Amandine1 aGottesman, Benjamin, L.1 aFrancomano, Dante1 aJung, Jinha1 aDurham, Mark1 aMateljak, Jason1 aPijanowski, Bryan, C. uhttp://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10980-018-0675-3