00547nas a2200169 4500008004100000022001400041245006900055210006800124260001600192300001400208490000800222100001700230700002100247700002900268700002600297856005400323 2018 eng d a0028-083600aLessons from recordings lost in Brazil fire: deposit and back up0 aLessons from recordings lost in Brazil fire deposit and back up cJan-11-2018 a473 - 4730 v5631 aDena, Simone1 aRebouças, Raoni1 aAugusto-Alves, Guilherme1 aToledo, Luís, Felipe uhttp://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-07456-001315nas a2200133 4500008004100000245005900041210005900100300001400159490000800173520091100181100002301092700002001115856004601135 1967 eng d00aStridulation by a Cockroach during Courtship Behaviour0 aStridulation by a Cockroach during Courtship Behaviour a2143-21440 v2133 a

WE have found that the male of Nauphoeta cinerea stridulates during courtship. The male raises his wings and tegmina when courting the female, and exposes his tergum1. The female responds to a pheromone (seducin), produced in the male's abdomen, and mounts and palpates or “feeds” on his tergum2. The male initially courts without stridulating, and if the female is receptive, mating will occur quickly. If the female does not respond by mounting and feeding, however, or if she does mount and the male's attempts to grasp her genitalia are unsuccessful and she dismounts, he lowers his tegmina and wings, touches her with his antennae or legs, or stands within about 2 cm from her and stridulates. The male stridulates when the female remains quiescent; if she begins to move about he stops stridulating and usually turns facing away from her and raises his tegmina and wings.

1 aHartman, H.Bernard1 aRoth, Louis, M. uhttps://www.nature.com/articles/2131243a001855nas a2200157 4500008004100000022001300041245008300054210006900137260001600206300001400222490000800236520135700244100002701601700001901628856005001647 1998 eng d a0028083600aEvolutionary transition from stretch to hearing organs in ancient grasshoppers0 aEvolutionary transition from stretch to hearing organs in ancien cAug-08-1999 a773 - 7760 v3943 a

Ears of modern insects occur on a wide variety of body parts and are thought to have evolved from ubiquitous stretch or vibration receptors1,2,3,4. This relationship, based on comparative anatomy and similarities in the embryological development of ears in divergent taxa5,6,7, has led to the widespread assumption of homology of these structures in insects, although this has not been tested rigorously. Here we report on the hearing organs of a relatively ancient8, atympanate bladder grasshopper9,10,11 (Bullacris membracioides), which is capable of signalling acoustically over ∼2 km12. We show that, within single individuals of this species, serially repeated abdominal ears show functional continuity from simple to more complex forms. All 12 morphologically differentiated organs respond to sound frequencies and intensities that are biologically significant, and mediate adaptive behavioural responses. By linking observations at the anatomical, physiological and behavioural level, our experiments provide evidence for the transition in function and selective advantage during the evolutionary development of this complex structure13,14. It is possible that ancestral insects with only simple pleural receptors had auditory capability covering distances substantially greater than contemporary insects with tympanate ears.

1 avan Staaden, Moira, J.1 aRömer, Heiner uhttp://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/2951700418nas a2200133 4500008004100000022001400041245005600055210005500111260002000166300001200186490000800198100002200206856005600228 2017 eng d a0028-083600aBiomechanics: The aerodynamics buzz from mosquitoes0 aBiomechanics The aerodynamics buzz from mosquitoes cFeb-02-20172261 a40 - 410 v5441 aMiller, Laura, A. uhttp://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/nature2190401470nas a2200145 4500008004100000022001400041245009600055210006900151260001600220300001400236490000800250520098900258100002401247856005301271 1967 eng d a0028-083600aFurther Investigations into the Function of the “Mirror” in Tettigonioidea (Orthoptera)0 aFurther Investigations into the Function of the Mirror in Tettig cDec-08-1967 a762 - 7630 v2153 a

From the calculations of Pierce nearly two decades ago, students of the production of sound in bush crickets have assumed the area of thin cuticle on the right tegmen known as the “mirror” to be acoustically important (Fig. 1). Pierce's attribution of a resonant function to this membrane was challenged by Broughton and Dumortier. Dumortier suggested that the whole tegmen is responsible as an acoustic coupler, not only the mirror. Broughton, working on the decticine, Metrioptera roeselii (Hagenbach), found that the frequency spectrum of one individual was not obligatorily changed by coating the mirror with a deadening film of latex. His results have stimulated further work of the same nature on two members of the Conocephalidae, Conocephalus discolor (Thunberg) and Homorocoryphus nitidulus nitidulus (Scopoli). Both these animals, like M. roeselii, have a well-defined spectrum, but their peak frequencies are at 28 kc/s and 15.5 kc/s, respectively.

1 aBailey, Winston, J. uhttp://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/215762a001379nas a2200157 4500008004100000022001400041245009000055210006900145260001600214300001400230490000800244520087700252100002501129700001401154856005301168 1978 eng d a0028-083600aRegularity versus irregularity in specific songs of closely-related drosophilid flies0 aRegularity versus irregularity in specific songs of closelyrelat cFeb-02-1978 a442 - 4440 v2713 a

The songs of most insect species are stereotyped and show regular rhythms which can be readily defined and described. In such cases, closely related species produce songs which differ in rhythmic structure, carrier frequency, or combinations of these parameters. We have examined the songs produced during courtship of the sibling drosophilid fly species Zaprionus tuberculatus, Z. sepsoides and Z. mascariensis which are known from morphometric and chromosomal evidence to be closely related. Drosophilid songs are produced by wing beating and normally consist of a regular series of similar mono- or polycyclic sound pulses with carrier frequencies of 150 to 500 Hz and pulse periods of 8 to 250 ms (for review, see ref. 9). Some species produce more than one type of song, and the pulsed song may be interrupted by protracted bursts of constant frequency tone.

1 aBennet-Clark, H., C.1 aLeroy, Y. uhttp://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/271442a0