02582nas a2200277   4500008004100000245015000041210007100191520165200262653002301914653001601937653001501953653001801968653002501986653001902011653002302030653001902053653001802072653001302090653003202103653002202135100002402157700001802181700002202199700002102221856006202242       2019                        eng d00aAnatomy of the stridulation apparatus of the beech leaf‐mining weevil and characterization of, and behavioral responses to, stridulation sounds0 aAnatomy of the stridulation apparatus of the beech leaf‐mining w3 a<p>We investigated auditory signals and morphology of the stridulatory apparatus of the European beech leaf‐mining weevil, Orchestes fagi L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), an invasive herbivore now established in Nova Scotia, Canada, to determine their potential for enhancing survey tools to monitor the spread of the species in Canada. We recorded and described sounds produced by adult O. fagi, analyzed the morphology of the stridulatory mechanism for intersexual differences and asymmetry, and examined behavioral responses elicited in conspecifics by playback of stridulation recordings. Adult O. fagi produced sounds under three conditions: male in distress, female in distress, and male in the presence of female. Female distress chirps lasted significantly longer than male distress chirps and male chirps in the presence of females, but peak frequencies and mean number of chirps per s did not differ significantly among the three groups. Morphology of the stridulation structures in male and female O. fagi was compared using scanning electron microscopy. Orchestes fagi have an elytro‐tergal file‐ and scraper‐type sound production apparatus, through which sound is produced upon anterior motion of the abdomen. Female O. fagi have a &lsquo;pars stridens&rsquo; that is longer and has more ridges than males. Width and number of ridges per length of pars stridens did not differ between the sexes. Evidence of asymmetry was found in male pars stridens, with the right side being longer than the left. Playback of recorded sounds to adult weevils suggests female O. fagi were repelled by sounds produced by distressed males.</p>
10aauditory recording10abeechweevil10aColeoptera10aCurculionidae10adistressstridulation10ainsectbehavior10ainsectbioacoustics10aOrchestes fagi10apars stridens10aplayback10ascanningelectron microscopy10asexual dimorphism1 aGoodwin, Joel, T.L.1 aHillier, Kirk1 aRoscoe, Lucas, E.1 aSweeney, Jon, D.  uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/eea.1284402171nas a2200205   4500008004100000245008100041210006900122520153400191653001501725653002101740653003101761653001301792100001801805700001501823700001301838700001501851700001701866700002601883856005601909       2019                        eng d00aHeterospecific alarm-call recognition in two warbler hosts of common cuckoos0 aHeterospecific alarmcall recognition in two warbler hosts of com3 a<p>Species facing similar selection pressures should recognize heterospecific alarm signals. However, no study has so far examined heterospecific alarm-call recognition in response to parasitism by cuckoos. In this study, we tested whether two sympatric host species of the common cuckoo Cuculus canorus, Oriental reed warbler Acrocephalus orientalis (ORW, main host), and black-browed reed warbler Acrocephalus bistrigiceps (BRW, rare host), could recognize each other&rsquo;s alarm calls in response to cuckoos. Dummies of common cuckoo (parasite) and Eurasian sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus (predator) were used to induce and record alarm calls of the two warbler species, respectively. In the conspecific alarm-call playback experiments, ORW responded more strongly to cuckoo alarm calls than to sparrowhawk alarm calls, while BRW responded less strongly to cuckoo alarm calls than to sparrowhawk alarm calls. In the heterospecific alarm-call playback experiments, both ORW and BRW responded less strongly to cuckoo alarm calls than sparrowhawk alarm calls. BRW seemed to learn the association between parasite-related alarm calls of the ORW and the cuckoo by observing the process of ORW attacking cuckoos. In contrast, alarm calls of BRW to cuckoos were rarely recorded in most cases. BRW with low parasite pressure still developed recognition of heterospecific parasite-related alarm call. Unintended receivers in the same community should recognize heterospecific alarm calls precisely to extract valuable information.</p>
10aalarm call10aBrood parasitism10aHeterospecific recognition10aplayback1 aYu, Jiangping1 aLu, Hailin1 aSun, Wei1 aLiang, Wei1 aWang, Haitao1 aMøller, Anders, Pape  uhttp://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10071-019-01307-9