@article {47814,
	title = {Three-dimensional sonar beam-width expansion by Japanese house bats ( <i>Pipistrellus abramus</i>               ) during natural foraging},
	journal = {The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America},
	volume = {141},
	year = {2017},
	month = {Jan-05-2017},
	pages = {EL439 - EL444},
	abstract = {<p>Three-dimensional directivity patterns of sonar sounds emitted by Japanese house bats (Pipistrellus abramus) during natural foraging were measured by a 44-channel microphone array. Just before prey capture, the terminal frequency (TF) of emitted sounds decreased, and the beam width (mean\&thinsp;\&plusmn;\&thinsp;standard deviation) expanded from 40\&thinsp;\&plusmn;\&thinsp;10\&deg; to 63\&thinsp;\&plusmn;\&thinsp;9\&deg; (horizontal) and from 32\&thinsp;\&plusmn;\&thinsp;10\&deg; to 52\&thinsp;\&plusmn;\&thinsp;7\&deg; (vertical). P. abramus decrease the TF to simultaneously expand the beam width in both the horizontal and vertical planes, while retaining the target within the three-dimensional acoustic field of view at the final stage of capture.</p>
},
	issn = {0001-4966},
	doi = {10.1121/1.4981934},
	url = {http://asa.scitation.org/doi/10.1121/1.4981934},
	author = {Motoi, Kazuya and Sumiya, Miwa and Fujioka, Emyo and Hiryu, Shizuko}
}
