@article {58028, title = {Poecilimon gerlindae spec. nov.{\textendash}a new bushcricket species of the Poecilimon propinquus-group (Orthoptera: Phaneropteridae) from Greece}, journal = {Articulata}, volume = {21}, year = {2006}, pages = {109-119}, chapter = {109}, abstract = {

Poecilimon gerlindae spec. nov. from Greek mainland is described. The new species is the eight known member of the P. propinquus-group (sensu Lehmann AW 1998). It is distinct with respect to male cerci, the corresponding female basal fold, body colouration, number of teeth on the stridulatory file and the num- ber of pulses in the song. Otherwise it resembles P. propinquus in body size and general song pattern.

}, author = {Lehmann, Arne W and Willemse, Fer and Klaus-Gerhard Heller} } @article {58006, title = {Bioacoustics and systematics of the Poecilimon heroicus-group (Orthoptera: Phaneropteridae: Barbitistinae)}, journal = {European Journal of Entomology}, volume = {103}, year = {2006}, month = {Feb-10-2006}, pages = {853 - 865}, abstract = {

The species of the Poecilimon heroicus-group occur around the Caucasus (from north-eastern Turkey to south-eastern Ukraine). We describe the diagnostic morphological characters of all these species and the male calling song of three of the four spe- cies. Based on this data the following phylogenetic relationship is derived (P. tschorochensis (P. tricuspis (P. heroicus, P. bifenes- tratus))). Within the genus Poecilimon, the species can be recognised by a relatively wide pronotum and large tegmina. In one species, Poecilimon tschorochensis Adelung, 1907 (type species of the monotypic genus Artvinia Karabag, 1962, syn. n.; P. rammei Miram, 1938, syn. n.), the tegmina are very large and the song has unusually low spectral components. This species produced di- syllabic echemes at intervals of about 10 s. In two other species of the group, P. heroicus and P. bifenestratus, the calling song of males consists of an uninterrupted dense sequence of long syllables (syllable duration around 0.5 s; ca. 1 syllable/s at 20\°C). In these species the auditory spiracles are reduced in size in both sexes, and the females have extremely small tegmina and are unable to respond to the male song acoustically, which would be typical for Phaneropteridae. The change in communication from acoustically responding to mute females has not been previously documented within a group of closely related species.

}, keywords = {bioacoustics, Bush-crickets, communication system, evolution, morphology, Orthoptera, Poecilimon, systematics, Tettigonioidea}, issn = {12105759}, doi = {10.14411/eje.2006.116}, url = {http://www.eje.cz/doi/10.14411/eje.2006.116.html}, author = {HELLER, KLAUS-GERHARD and KORSUNOVSKAYA, Olga S. and Sevgili, Hasan and ZHANTIEV, Roustem D.} } @article {57942, title = {Morphology, bioacoustics and phylogeography of the Isophya major group (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae): A species complex occurring in Anatolia and Cyprus}, journal = {European Journal of Entomology}, volume = {103}, year = {2006}, pages = {657}, abstract = {

The species of the Isophya major-group (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae), are reviewed. I. major Brunner von Wattenwyl and I. mavromoustakisi Uvarov are redescribed. Two new species are described; Isophya mersinensis Sevgili \& \Çiplak sp. n. and Isophya salmani Sevgili \& Heller sp. n. from south Anatolia. Illustrations of morphology and male calling song are provided and a detailed comparison of the four species in the group is presented. We conclude that these four species constitute a natural group in sharing male cerci with two or more denticles not ordered in a line, a character unique to this species group within the genus. From an evaluation of their morphology and song characteristics, relationships among the species in the group are I. major + (I. mersinensis sp. n. + (I. salmani + I. mavromoustakisi). Based on the the distribution pattern and habitat preference, we concluded that the division of I. salmani and I. mavromoustakisi was a vicariant event resulting from the separation of Cyprus and Anatolia due to reflooding of the Mediterranean after the Messinian salinity crisis at the beginning of the Pliocene, around 5 My ago.

}, keywords = {Anatolia, Biogeography, Cyprus, Eastern Mediterranean, I. major, I. mavromoustakisi, I. mersinensis sp. n., I. salmani sp. n., Isophya, Orthoptera, Phaneropterinae, Turkey}, author = {Hasan Sevgili and {\c C}iplak, Battal and Klaus-Gerhard Heller and Demirsoy, Ali} } @article {57906, title = {Keeping up with Bats: Dynamic Auditory Tuning in a Moth}, year = {2006}, abstract = {

Many night-flying insects evolved ultrasound sensi- tive ears in response to acoustic predation by echolo- cating bats [1\–10]. Noctuid moths are most sensitive to frequencies at 20\–40 kHz [6], the lower range of bat ultrasound [5, 11\–13]. This may disadvantage the moth because noctuid-hunting bats in particular echo- locate at higher frequencies shortly before prey cap- ture [7, 11\–13] and thus improve their echolocation and reduce their acoustic conspicuousness [6\–10, 12\–16]. Yet, moth hearing is not simple; the ear\’s non- linear dynamic response shifts its mechanical sensi- tivity up to high frequencies. Dependent on incident sound intensity, the moth\’s ear mechanically tunes up and anticipates the high frequencies used by hunt- ing bats. Surprisingly, this tuning is hysteretic, keep- ing the ear tuned up for the bat\’s possible return. A mathematical model is constructed for predicting a lin- ear relationship between the ear\’s mechanical stiff- ness and sound intensity. This nonlinear mechanical response is a parametric amplitude dependence [17, 18] that may constitute a feature common to other sen- sory systems. Adding another twist to the coevolu- tionary arms race between moths and bats, these re- sults reveal unexpected sophistication in one of the simplest ears known and a novel perspective for inter- preting bat echolocation calls.

}, doi = {10.1016/j.cub.2006.09.066}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0960982206023219}, author = {Windmill, James Frederick Charles and Jackson, Joseph Curt and Tuck, Elizabeth Jane and Robert, Daniel} } @article {57634, title = {The ability of the parasitoid fly Ormia ochracea to distinguish sounds in the vertical plane}, year = {2006}, abstract = {

The parasitic fly Ormia ochracea localizes its host, field crickets, by homing in on their calling song. Previous phonotactic studies indicate that their sound localization ability in azimuth is extraordinarily acute, but the fly\’s ability to localize the elevation of sound sources has not been tested to date. Here we show that in a freely-walking closed-loop Y-maze task elevational performance is well above chance, but slightly below the fly\’s performance in azimuth. Immobilizing the head or the halteres (sensory organs of balance) slightly lowered elevational discrimination, but performance was still well above chance. Because ormiine ears are thought to be symmetric and the pure-tone models of a cricket\’s call used in these experiments contained little to no spectral bandwidth, additional studies will be needed to elucidate the underlying cues. Nonetheless, it is clear that while walking, Ormia flies are capable of distinguishing sound sources that differ only in elevation.

}, doi = {10.1121/1.2225936}, url = {http://asa.scitation.org/doi/10.1121/1.2225936}, author = {Arthur, Ben J. and Ronald R. Hoy} } @article {57622, title = {Tuning the drum: the mechanical basis for frequency discrimination in a Mediterranean cicada}, year = {2006}, abstract = {

Cicadas are known to use sound to find a mate. While the mechanism employed by male cicadas to generate loud calling songs has been described in detail, little information exists to explain how their ears work. Using microscanning laser Doppler vibrometry, the tympanal vibrations in the cicada Cicadatra atra are measured in response to acoustic playbacks. The topographically accurate optical measurements reveal the vibrational behaviour of the anatomically complex tympanal membrane. Notably, the tympanal ridge, a distinct structural element of the tympanum that is a link to the receptor cells, undergoes mechanical vibrations reminiscent of a travelling wave. In effect, the frequency for which the maximum deflection amplitude is observed regularly decreases from the apex to the base of the ridge. It is also shown that whilst female ears are mechanically tuned to the male\&$\#$39;s song, the male\&$\#$39;s tympanum is only partially tuned to its own song. This study establishes the presence of a peripheral auditory mechanism that can potentially process auditory frequency analysis. In view of the importance of acoustic signalling in cicadas, this unconventional tympanal mechanism may be employed in the context of species recognition and sexual selection.

}, keywords = {biomechanics, Cicada, frequency discrimination, hearing, travelling wave, tympanum}, author = {Sueur, Jerome and James F.C. Windmill and Daniel Robert} } @article {52743, title = {Female preferences for male calling songs in the bladder grasshopper Bullacris membracioides}, journal = {Behaviour}, volume = {143}, year = {2006}, month = {Jan-12-2006}, pages = {1439 - 1456}, abstract = {

Male acoustic signals and the information they convey are often critical determinants of female mate choice. Bladder grasshoppers are one of numerous orthopteran taxa utilizing sound as the basis of courtship and ultimately mating. However, despite the extreme specializations for long-distance acoustic communication in this family, female mating preferences for male calls have not been previously investigated. Here we examine female acoustic responses to playbacks of male calls in Bullacris membracioides. Females were tested in three separate contexts, viz. response to conspecific calls of different individuals, response to degraded conspecific calls, and response to the calls of two heterospecifics. Female response was significantly correlated with seven of eight measured call features within B. membracioides, indicating sexual selection to be operating in this species. Females also responded to conspecific calls with degradation levels equivalent to a male calling 150 m away, but intensity equivalent to one at 25 m, identifying call amplitude rather than degradation as the factor limiting female response. However, as response decreased with increasing call degradation, signal quality remains a factor in female preference. Calls of the sister taxon B. intermedia were equally attractive to B. membracioides females as were conspecific calls, while the more distinct calls of B. serrata were less preferred than those of both B. membracioides and B. intermedia. This indicates a lack of discriminatory ability against a similar sounding heterospecific.

}, keywords = {acoustic communication, female preference, Pneumoridae}, issn = {0005-7959}, doi = {10.1163/156853906779367035}, url = {http://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/content/10.1163/156853906779367035}, author = {Moira J. van Staaden and Couldridge, Vanessa} } @article {47922, title = {When males whistle at females: complex FM acoustic signals in cockroaches}, journal = {Naturwissenschaften}, volume = {93}, year = {2006}, month = {Jan-10-2006}, pages = {500 - 505}, abstract = {

Male cockroaches of the species Elliptorhina chopardi expel air through a pair of modified abdominal spiracles during courtship. This air expulsion simultaneously produces air and substrate-borne vibrations. We described and compared in details these two types of vibrations. Our analysis of the air-borne signals shows that males can produce three categories of signals with distinct temporal and frequency parameters. \“Pure whistles\” consist of two independent harmonic series fast frequency modulated with independent harmonics that can cross each other. \“Noisy whistles\” also possess two independent voices but include a noisy broad-band frequency part in the middle. Hiss sounds are more noise-like, being made of a broad-band frequency spectrum. All three call types are unusually high in dominant frequency (\>5 kHz) for cockroaches. The substrate-borne signals are categorised similarly. Some harmonics of the substrate-borne signals were filtered out, however, making the acoustic energy centered on fewer frequency bands. Our analysis shows that cockroach signals are complex, with fast frequency modulations and two distinct voices. These results also readdress the question of what system could potentially receive and decode the information contained within such complex sounds.

}, keywords = {acoustic communication, Cockroach, courtship, Elliptorhina chopardi, frequency modulations, two-voice system}, issn = {0028-1042}, doi = {10.1007/s00114-006-0135-9}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00114-006-0135-9}, author = {Sueur, Jerome and Aubin, Thierry} } @article {47889, title = {Automatic recognition of animal vocalizations using averaged MFCC and linear discriminant analysis}, journal = {Pattern Recognition Letters}, volume = {27}, year = {2006}, month = {Jan-01-2006}, pages = {93 - 101}, abstract = {

In this paper we propose a method that uses the averaged Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) and linear discriminant anal- ysis (LDA) to automatically identify animals from their sounds. First, each syllable corresponding to a piece of vocalization is segmented. The averaged MFCCs over all frames in a syllable are calculated as the vocalization features. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA), which finds out a transformation matrix that minimizes the within-class distance and maximizes the between-class distance, is utilized to increase the classification accuracy while to reduce the dimensionality of the feature vectors. In our experiment, the average classification accuracy is 96.8\% and 98.1\% for 30 kinds of frog calls and 19 kinds of cricket calls, respectively.

}, keywords = {linear discriminant analysis, Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients}, issn = {01678655}, doi = {10.1016/j.patrec.2005.07.004}, url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0167865505001959}, author = {Lee, Chang-Hsing and Chou, Chih-Hsun and Han, Chin-Chuan and Huang, Ren-Zhuang} } @article {47742, title = {Phylogeny of the cricket subfamily Eneopterinae (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Eneopteridae) based on four molecular loci and morphology}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {40}, year = {2006}, month = {Jan-09-2006}, pages = {643 - 661}, abstract = {

The phylogenetic relationships of 39 species of Eneopterinae crickets are reconstructed using four molecular markers (16S rRNA, 12S rRNA, cytochrome b , 18S rRNA) and a large morphological data set. Phylogenetic analysis via direct optimisation of DNA sequence data using parsimony as optimality criterion is done for six combinations of weighting parameter sets in a sensitivity analysis . The results are discussed in a twofold purpose: W rst, in term of signi W cance of the molecular markers for phylogeny reconstruction in Ensifera, as our study represents the W rst molecular phylogeny performed for this insect suborder at this level of diversity; second, in term of corrobora- tion of a previous phylogeny of Eneopterinae, built on morphological data alone. The four molecular markers all convey phylogen etic signal, although variously distributed on the tree. The monophyly of the subfamily, that of three over W ve tribes, and of 10 over 13 genera, are recovered. Finally, previous hypotheses on the evolution of acoustic devices and signals in the Eneopterinae clade are brie X y tested, and supported, by our new data set.

}, issn = {10557903}, doi = {10.1016/j.ympev.2005.10.019}, url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1055790306001308}, author = {Tony Robillard and Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure} } @article {47309, title = {Rainforests as concert halls for birds: Are reverberations improving sound transmission of long song elements?}, journal = {The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America}, volume = {119}, year = {2006}, month = {Jan-01-2006}, pages = {620 - 626}, abstract = {

In forests reverberations have probably detrimental and beneficial effects on avian communication. They constrain signal discrimination by masking fast repetitive sounds and they improve signal detection by elongating sounds. This ambivalence of reflections for animal signals in forests is similar to the influence of reverberations on speech or music in indoor sound transmission. Since comparisons of sound fields of forests and concert halls have demonstrated that reflections can contribute in both environments a considerable part to the energy of a received sound, it is here assumed that reverberations enforce also birdsong in forests. Song elements have to be long enough to be superimposed by reflections and therefore longer signals should be louder than shorter ones. An analysis of the influence of signal length on pure tones and on song elements of two sympatric rainforest thrush species demonstrates that longer sounds are less attenuated. The results indicate that higher sound pressure level is caused by superimposing reflections. It is suggested that this beneficial effect of reverberations explains interspecific birdsong differences in element length. Transmission paths with stronger reverberations in relation to direct sound should favor the use of longer signals for better propagation.

}, issn = {0001-4966}, doi = {10.1121/1.2139072}, url = {http://asa.scitation.org/doi/10.1121/1.2139072}, author = {Nemeth, Erwin and Dabelsteen, Torben and Pedersen, Simon Boel and Winkler, Hans} } @article {19823, title = {Visual Communication Behaviour as a Mechanism Behind Reproductive Interference in Three Pygmy Grasshoppers (Genus Tetrix, Tetrigidae, Orthoptera)}, journal = {Journal of Insect Behavior}, volume = {19}, year = {2006}, month = {Sep-11-2007}, pages = {559 - 571}, issn = {0892-7553}, doi = {10.1007/s10905-006-9043-2}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10905-006-9043-2}, author = {Hochkirch, Axel and Deppermann, Jana and Gr{\"o}ning, Julia} }