01989nas a2200181   4500008004100000022001400041245010200055210006900157260001600226300001600242490000800258520140900266100002101675700001901696700002101715700002001736856005101756       2018                        eng d  a0001-496600aAntarctic type C killer whale ( <i>Orcinus orca</i>) call repertoire from McMurdo Sound, Ross Sea0 aAntarctic type C killer whale iOrcinus orcai call repertoire fro  cJan-09-2018  a1978 - 19780 v1443 a<p>Killer whales (Orcinus orca) are found in all oceans of the world. In Antarctic waters, five ecotypes have been described, each displaying distinct differences in morphological features, foraging behaviours, habitat and diet preferences, and genetic structure. Acoustic recordings of Type C killer whales were collected between December 2012 and January 2013 in McMurdo Sound, Ross Sea, Antarctica. Spectrograms of acoustic data were examined for characteristic patterns of Type C vocalizations and a call type catalogue was produced. We measured acoustic parameters of each call type for both whistle and burst-pulse sounds and we then compared call features of Type C animals to those of other killer whales described in the Southern Hemisphere. Analysis of calls revealed that Type C killer whales produce a large number of biphonations and complex calls with multiple frequency-modulated and pulsed components. The limited accessibility of Antarctic regions year-round makes passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) a very effective tool to derive information on ecotype-specific distribution and seasonal occurrence. This study provides new information on the call repertoire of Type C killer whales, investigates the potential use of PAM to study Antarctic ecotypes, and also examines utilising call repertoire as a reliable diagnostic tool for identifying sympatric ecotypes in Antarctic waters.</p>
1 aWellard, Rebecca1 aPitman, Robert1 aDurban, John, W.1 aErbe, Christine  uhttp://asa.scitation.org/doi/10.1121/1.5068635