BioAcoustica is a free, open repository of wildlife sound recordings from the Natural History Museum, London.
Taxonomic index of the BioAcoustica collection
Acoustic and biological measurements in the BioAcoustica collection
Recording annotations from ann-o-mate
The specimens that recordings are of, from the collections
Where the specimens that recordings are of were collected, not where the sound was recorded
Calling by this species is known from the analysis of twelve males. One specimen was recorded indoors at La Planada (Colombia Narin ' o) at 18.5 '' C, the others were also recorded under laboratory conditions at 23 '' 0.5 '' C. The shortest time-amplitude song element of this species, resolvable by the human ear, is a zip: brief, noisy and with perceptible infrastructure (Fig. 11E, F). Zips are typically produced in groups of two to eight and each is a pulse train of approximately fifty transient pulses; each pulse is a waveform involving three to four cycles, separated from the next pulse by 0.1-0.15 ms. A zip lasts on average 0.076 s (n 1/4 5, range 0.060-0.087 s); each pulse lasts <0.5 ms. Teg- minal movement is slow enough to determine, by inspection, that each zip coincides with a single tegminal closure. The spectrum of P. gibbosus is a noisy low-Q band. Measured 20 dB below its highest peak, it extends from 5 to 35 kHz. The most intense frequency varies: sometimes it is an audio peak at 6.4 kHz (n 1/4 6) and sometimes it is ultrasonic at 27.4 kHz (n 1/4 4). Less intense peaks occur consistently at 12.5 and 19.2 kHz (n 1/4 9). All these very broad peaks may be harmonically related with a funda- mental near 6kHz. Based upon single-note spectra, the most intense ultrasonic peak occurred at 30.2kHz (n1/49, standard deviation 1/4 1.6, range 26.6-31.9 kHz, Fig. 12C). The most intense audio peak averaged 5.9 kHz (n 1/4 9, stan- dard deviation 1/4 0.1, range 5.7-6.0 kHz). The call is loud to human ears and, for one male, registered ''90-95 dB with the microphone 10 cm dorsal.