Contains

Neoxabea	3
Oecanthus	111
Xabeini	0

Recordings

593:1 Oecanthus (822r1) Various groups of insects	2:51 · E. Sismondo
598:11 Oecanthus sp. (671r11)	1:10 · E. Sismondo
600:1 Oecanthus pellucens (14r1)	2:17 · David R. Ragge
899:23 Oecanthus pelluscens (1/4 speed) (112r20)	0:35
899:24 Oecanthus pelluscens (112r21)	0:37
135_5_Oecanthus pellucens	1:32 · David R. Ragge
565_21_Oecanthus pellucens	0:42
カンタン	0:49
コガタカンタン	0:50
ヒロバネカンタン	0:49
チャイロカンタン	0:50
インドカンタン	1:07
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song W11	0:41 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song W14	0:21 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song W12	1:16 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song W10	0:29 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song W09	0:02 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song W08	0:43 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song W07	0:27 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song W06	1:09 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song W04	0:18 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song W03	0:29 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song W02	1:25 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song W01	0:05 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song R29	0:33 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song R26	0:02 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song R25	0:07 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song R22	0:12 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song R21	0:23 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song R20	0:03 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song R19	0:09 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song R18	0:30 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song R17	0:03 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song R15	0:14 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song R14	0:20 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song R13	0:36 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song R12	0:39 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song R11	0:29 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song R09	0:01 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song R08	1:19 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Holotype Calling Song R07	0:55 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song R06	0:31 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song R05	0:23 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song R04	0:42 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song R01	0:40 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song GG14	0:24 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song GG12	0:12 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song GG11	0:19 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song GG10	0:46 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song GG09	0:12 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song GG07	0:19 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song GG06	1:37 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus Paratype Calling Song GG05	Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
temp 73.1 F	0:21
In presence of a female	1:02
In presence of female	0:03
male singing at Montelimar (Pacific coast of Nicaragua)	0:15
trilling, 70 F (Wolverine Canyon, Bingham County, Idaho, USA, August 2012)	0:12
Oecanthus bakeri OSF	0:24
Male singing while actively pursuing a female	0:23
Somalia, lab recording, January-March 1974, 29°C (Uher 4000 Report IC with Uher M 53, tape no.: CS_U07G)	0:53
brown form, 73.4°F	0:06
24.5 C	0:13
lab recording, 1971, 22°C (Uher, tape no. CS_U01r)	0:26
lab recording, 20°C, 30/10/2015 (Zoom-H4 digital recorder, sample rate 96 kHz)	0:30
trilling, 79 F (2012 - southeast Wisconsin, USA)	0:11
chirping - temp 66 F	0:13
chirping - 78.2 F (August 2012, southeast Wisconsin, USA)	0:11
Thailand, Loei, Phu Kradung, field recording, 27/5/1988 (Sony WM-D3 with Universum mono, tape: UX-PRO90, tape no. TH4/88:000-071)	0:35
Thailand, Chon Buri, Pattaya, field recording, 9/9/1993, 26.5°C, darkness (Sony WM-D3 with small Sennheiser stereo. tape: Sony UX-S, tape no. SO5/93:274-314, microphone filter below 100 Hz)	0:26
Thailand, Lampang, Doi Khun Tan, field recording, 16/9/1993, 3.5°C, darkness (Sony WM-D3 with small Sennheiser stereo, tape: Sony UX-S, tape no. SO6/93:159-182, microphone filter below 100 Hz)	0:30
captive male indoors, 78 F	0:07
25°C, call duration: 5 sec.	0:05
trilling, 64.4°F (September 2012, Shaw Nature Reserve, Missouri, USA)	0:32
with female very close (temperature 70's F, June 2013, Cerro Jesus, Nicaragua)	0:20
field recording, 20/ii/2011, 21h, 23.5ºC (A1)	0:30
field recording, 20/ii/2011, 21h30, 23.5ºC (A2)	1:12
field recording, 20/ii/2011, 21h40, 23.5ºC (A3)	1:12
field recording, 20/ii/2011, 22h, 22ºC (A4)	0:11
field recording, 20/xi/2011, 21h, 25ºC (A5)	0:45
field recording, 19/iii/2011, 20h, 14ºC (GG01)	0:42
field recording, 19/iii/2011, 20h20, 14ºC (GG02)	0:26
field recording, 19/iii/2011, 21h, 14ºC (GG03)	0:16
field recording, 19/iii/2011, 21h30, 14ºC (GG04)	0:51
field recording, 19/iii/2011, 21h50, 19ºC (GG08)	0:07
field recording, 19/iii/2011, 19h30, 17ºC (R03)	0:56
26°C, call duration: 5 sec.	0:05
26°C, call duration: 5 sec. August 2013, southeast Wisconsin, USA	0:05
Oecanthus niveus OSF	0:11
field recording, 21/ii/2011, 21h, 23.5ºC (A6OEC)	0:31
field recording, 21/ii/2011, 0h10, 16ºC (D02)	1:23
field recording, 20/ii/2011, 21h40, 18ºC (R24)	0:47
field recording, 23/iii/2011, 21h10, 22.5ºC (W05)	0:38
field recording, 21/ii/2011, 21h40, 24ºC (W05A)	0:37
field recording, 20/ii/2011, 21h30, 18ºC (GG13)	1:37
field recording of holotype, 12/ii/2011, 0h02, 16ºC (GB01)	2:20
lab recording, 20/9/1980, 22.5°C (Uher 4400IC, tape no. U21/80g)	0:26
Montenegro, Durmitor, Donj Unac, lab recording, 11/8/1988, 27°C (Sony WM-D3 with Universum mono, tape: UX-ES90, tape no. YU8/88:219-261)	0:33
Spain, Granada, Alpujarras, Pampaneira, lab recording, 7/8/1991 at 22.00 h, 23,8°C (Uher 4000 Report IC with Uher M 53, tape no. CS_U13R, high pass 500 Hz)	0:14
trilling, 75.2 F August 2012 (Racine County, Wisconsin, USA)	0:11

The first 100 of 114 recordings are listed here.

Specimens

Oecanthus NHMUK BMNH(E) 010211310
Oecanthus NHMUK BMNH(E) 010211311
Oecanthus pellucens NHMUK BMNH(E) 010211312
Oecanthus pellucens NHMUK BMNH(E) 010211313
Oecanthus pellucens NHMUK BMNH(E) 010211314
Oecanthus pellucens NHMUK BMNH(E) 010211315
Oecanthus pellucens NHMUK BMNH(E) 010211316
Oecanthus pellucens NHMUK BMNH(E) 010211317
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus W11	BR · 2011-03-26 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus W14	BR · 2011-03-26 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus W12	BR · 2011-03-26 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus W10	BR · 2011-03-26 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus W09	BR · 2011-03-26 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus W08	BR · 2011-03-26 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus W07	BR · 2011-03-26 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus W06	BR · 2011-03-26 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus W04	BR · 2011-03-26 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus W03	BR · 2011-03-26 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus W02	BR · 2011-03-26 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus W01	BR · 2011-03-26 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R29	BR · 2011-03-20 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R26	BR · 2011-03-20 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R25	BR · 2011-03-20 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R22	BR · 2011-03-20 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R21	BR · 2011-03-20 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R20	BR · 2011-03-20 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R19	BR · 2011-03-20 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R18	BR · 2011-03-20 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R17	BR · 2011-03-20 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R15	BR · 2011-03-20 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R14	BR · 2011-03-19 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R13	BR · 2011-03-19 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R12	BR · 2011-03-19 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R11	BR · 2011-03-19 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R09	BR · 2011-03-19 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R08	BR · 2011-03-19 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R07	BR · 2011-03-19 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R06	BR · 2011-03-19 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R05	BR · 2011-03-19 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R04	BR · 2011-03-19 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus R01	BR · 2011-03-19 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus GG14	BR · 2011-03-20 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus GG12	BR · 2011-03-20 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus GG11	BR · 2011-03-20 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus GG10	BR · 2011-03-20 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus GG09	BR · 2011-03-20 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus GG07	BR · 2011-03-20 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus GG06	BR · 2011-03-20 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira
Oecanthus pictus MZUSP Oecanthus pictus GG05	BR · 2011-03-20 · Neutzling A. S.; D.R. Redü; G.L. Oliveira

Literature

Collins, Nancy; Coronado González, Isabel Margarita; Govaerts, Bruno Victor Alfons (2019). Oecanthus mhatreae sp. nov. (Gryllidae: Oecanthinae): A new species of tree cricket from Mexico, with an irregular song pattern and unique chirp-like trill configuration. Journal of Orthoptera Research, 28(2): 137 - 143.

Mhatre, Natasha (2018). Tree cricket baffles are manufactured tools. Ethology, 124(9): 691 - 693.

Zefa, Edison; Acosta, Riuler Corrêa; TIMM, VITOR FALCHI; MARINHO, MARCO ANTONIO TONUS; Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti Da (2018). The Tree Cricket Neoxabea brevipes Rehn, 1913 (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Oecanthinae) from the Brazilian southern Atlantic Forest: morphology, bioacoustics and cytogenetics. Zootaxa, 4531(4): 554.

Hoshina, Hideto (2017). The Prices of Singing Orthoptera as Pets in the Japanese Modern Monarchical Period. Ethnoentomology, 1(1): 40-51.

Orci, Kirill Márk; Petróczki, Krisztina; Barta, Zoltán (2016). Instantaneous song modification in response to fluctuating traffic noise in the tree cricket Oecanthus pellucens. Animal Behaviour, 112: 187 - 194.

LI, XIAOQIANG; Zhang, Xue; Luo, Wenqi; Wang, Yinliang; Ren, Bing-Zhong (2016). Micromorphological differentiation of left and right stridulatory apparatus in crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Zootaxa, 4127(3): 553.

Machado, Milach Elisa; de P. Martins, Luciano; Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti Da; Gottschalk, Marco Silva; de Oliveira, Gabriel Lobregat; Redü, Darlan Rutz; Neytzling, Alexandre Schneid; Vasconcellos, Lucas Avezedo; Zefa, Edison (2015). A new species of tree crickets Oecanthus (Orthoptera, Gryllidae, Oecanthinae) in tobacco plantation from Southern Brazil, with body color variation. Zootaxa, 4018(2): 266.

Mhatre, Natasha; Robert, Daniel (2013). A Tympanal Insect Ear Exploits a Critical Oscillator for Active Amplification and Tuning. Current Biology, 23(19): 1952 - 1957.

Schmidt, Arne KD; Römer, Heiner (2013). Diversity of acoustic tracheal system and its role for directional hearing in crickets.

Mhatre, Natasha; Montealegre-Z, Fernando; Balakrishnan, Rohini; Robert, Daniel (2012). Sound reception and radiation in a small insect. Acoustics 2012.

Mhatre, N.; Bhattacharya, M.; Robert, Daniel; Balakrishnan, Rohini (2011). Matching sender and receiver: poikilothermy and frequency tuning in a tree cricket.

Walker, Thomas J.; Collins, Nancy (2010). New World Thermometer Crickets: The Oecanthus rileyi Species Group and a New Species from North America. Journal of Orthoptera Research, 19(2): 371 - 376.

Iorgu, Ionuț Ștefan; Mustata, Gheorghe (2008). Bioacoustic studies on some cricket species (Insecta:Orthoptera: Gryllidae) from Romania. Analele Ştiinţifice ale Universităţii „Al. I. Cuza” Iaşi, s. Biologie animală, LIV: 57-64.

Bennet-Clark, H. C.; Bailey, Winston J. (2002). Ticking of the clockwork cricket: the role of the escapement mechanism.. J Exp Biol, 205(Pt 5): 613-25.

Prestwich, K N; Lenihan, K M; Martin, D M (2000). The control of carrier frequency in cricket calls: a refutation of the subalar-tegminal resonance/auditory feedback model.. J Exp Biol, 203(Pt 3): 585-96.

Brown, W. D. (1999). MATE CHOICE IN TREE CRICKETS AND THEIR KIN.

Toms, Robert B. (1993). Incidental effects and evolution of sound-producing organs in tree crickets (Orthoptera : Oecanthidae). International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology, 22(2-4): 207 - 216.

Sismondo, Enrico (1993). Ultrasubharmonic resonance and nonlinear dynamics in the song of Oecanthus nigricornis F. Walker (Orthoptera : Gryllidae). International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology, 22(2-4): 217 - 231.

Toms, Robert B. (1992). Effects of temperature on chirp rates of tree crickets (Orthoptera: Oecanthidae). African Zoology, 27(2): 70-73.

Forrest, TG (1982). Acoustic communication and baffling behaviors of crickets. The Florida Entomologist, 65: 33–44.

Bell, Paul D. (1980). Multimodal communication by the black-horned tree cricket, Oecanthus nigricornis (Walker) (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 58(10): 1861 - 1868.

Walker, Thomas J. (1963). The Taxonomy and Calling Songs of United States Tree Crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Oecanthinae). II. The nigricornis Group of the Genus Oecanthus. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 56(6): 772 - 789.

Walker, Thomas J. (1962). The Taxonomy and Calling Songs of United States Tree Crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Oecanthinae). I. The Genus Neoxabea and the niveus and varicornis Groups of the Genus Oecanthus. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 55(3): 303 - 322.

Allard, H. A. (1957). The stridulations of some crickets in the Dominican Republic. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 47(5): 150-152.

Fulton, B. B. (1951). The Seasonal Succession of Orthopteran Stridulation near Raleigh, North Carolina. Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, 67(1): 87-95.

Allard, H. A. (1930). THE CHIRPING RATES OF THE SNOWY TREE CRICKET (OECANTHUS NIVEUS) AS AFFECTED BY EXTERNAL CONDITIONS. The Canadian Entomologist, 62(06): 131 - 142.

Allard, H. A. (1930). CHANGING THE CHIRP-RATE OF THE SNOWY TREE CRICKET OECANTHUS NIVEUS WITH AIR CURRENTS. Science, 72(1866): 347 - 349.

Bessey, Carl A.; Bessey, Edward A. (1898). Further Notes on Thermometer Crickets. The American Naturalist, 32(376): 263-264.

Behaviour

Solitary males radiate a high-intensity calling song that attracts receptive females. When a male senses the presence of an approaching female, he stops singing, turns around, and touches her with his antennae (38). Tree crickets and most other gryllids, once in contact with a female, switch from calling song to a lower-intensity courtship song (63). The courting male again turns away and courts the female through an elaborate series of courtship song and body vibrations termed tremulation (10). SONG PREFERENCES Song is the principal mode of communication in crickets. Tree cricket song is produced by a file-against-scraper mechanism on the specialized tegmina. Sound is produced as the wings are closed and each tooth of the file engages the scraper. Singing males close their wings 15–100 times a second, resulting in a series of pulses either strung together in a continuous trill, discontinued, and resumed at irregular intervals into a broken trill or broken into a regular sequence into a chirp (126). Work on the function of cricket song has generally focused only on its use as a specific mate-recognition tool and consequently has focused on female choice at the level of differences among species. Compared with the vast amount of work that has been done on phonotactic preferences for song characters that vary at the species level, little is known about the capacity of females to discriminate between males within a population. To understand the role that sexual selection by female choice plays in structuring cricket song, we need to know whether females also choose among conspecific males, what characters they use to do so, and why they might show these preferences. Orthoptera measure four physical aspects of sound: intensity (amplitude or power output), frequency, amplitude modulation (temporal changes in inten- sity), and direction of the source (41). In the following section, the song charac- ters chosen by females are reviewed. Clear evidence that calling songs contain information about species membership and that females are preferentially at- tracted to conspecific calls suggests that stabilizing female choice for average song characters may be particularly prevalent. But there is strong evidence that other forms of female choice occur. Other forms of female choice generally predict directional preferences, at least within the species-typical range. Below, the results of phonotactic preferences for the suborder Ensifera are summarized and—with the goal of identifying characters that may be subject to different forms of female choice—they are separated into those traits subject to stabiliz- ing preferences and those subject to directional preferences. Stabilizing Preferences: Species Indicators Tree crickets, like other acoustic Orthoptera, have a strong capacity to distin- guish sounds of different pulse rates and chirp rates (30, 86, 126), and like other acoustic Orthoptera, they may also be able to hear fine differences in pulse or chirp duration and duty cycle (pulse duration/pulse period) (26, 29, 33, 118). These temporal properties, particularly pulse rate in trilling species and chirp rate in chirping species, are generally the main characteristics in species-speci- fic preferences. Moreover, as Walker (126) demonstrated for eastern North American tree crickets, pulse rate tends to be the character that varies most among sympatric species (also see 81). Does this produce stabilizing sexual selection on the song characters within the population?

Source: Brown, W. D. (1999). MATE CHOICE IN TREE CRICKETS AND THEIR KIN.